Excitation and Inhibition in Neural Circuits of the Visual Cortex

视觉皮层神经回路的兴奋和抑制

• 批准号: 8562737
• 负责人: Hillel Adesnik
• 金额: $ 38.26万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8562737
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Brain; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Dimensions; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Equilibrium; Functional disorder; Gene Targeting; Genetic; Goals; Individual; Lead; Logic; Mediating; Methodology; Modeling; Mus; Neurologic; Neurons; Optics; Pattern; Perception; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Process; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Slice; Specificity; Stimulus; Synapses; Testing; Transgenic Organisms; Viral Vector; Visual; Visual Cortex; Whole-Cell Recordings; Work; area striata; base; cell type; in vivo; insight; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; novel; novel strategies; optogenetics; patch clamp; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; tool; visual information

PROJECT SUMMARY Neural circuits of the primary visual cortex are critical for generating accurate perceptions of our external world. These circuits are functionally organized across both the vertical and horizontal axes of the visual cortex. Nonetheless, the distinct contributions of vertical and horizontal projections to visual computation are poorly understood. In particular, the balance of excitation and inhibition (the E/I balance) that vertical and horizontal projections generate during sensory evoked activity is not well characterized due to a lack of appropriate methodology. The first goal of this proposal is to implement a new approach to selectively activate the vertical and horizontal projections for each layer of the cortex using a combination of cell-type specific gene targeting and optogenetic tools. The second goal is to use this new approach to test the hypothesis that vertical and horizontal projections generate layer-specific E/I balances in the cortex that determine their functional impact on cortical activity. The third goal is to establish how the distinct E/I balances that vertical and horizontal projections generate in visual cortical circuits mediate the encoding of fundamental stimulus features such as contrast and size.

项目概要 初级视觉皮层的神经回路对于产生我们的准确感知至关重要 外部世界。这些电路在功能上分为垂直和水平组织 视觉皮层的轴。尽管如此，垂直和水平的独特贡献 对视觉计算的预测知之甚少。特别是，激励的平衡 感觉过程中垂直和水平投射产生的抑制（E/I 平衡） 由于缺乏适当的方法，诱发活动尚未得到很好的表征。第一个进球 该提案的目的是实施一种新方法，有选择地激活垂直和 使用细胞类型特定基因的组合对皮质每一层进行水平投影 靶向和光遗传学工具。第二个目标是使用这种新方法来测试 假设垂直和水平投影产生特定层的 E/I 平衡 皮质，决定它们对皮质活动的功能影响。第三个目标是建立 不同的 E/I 如何平衡视觉皮层中垂直和水平投影产生的 电路介导基本刺激特征的编码，例如对比度和大小。