Excitation and Inhibition in Neural Circuits of the Visual Cortex

视觉皮层神经回路的兴奋和抑制

• 批准号: 10222689
• 负责人: Hillel Adesnik
• 金额: $ 47.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10222689
• 关键词: Area; Behavior; Brain; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Data; Dependence; Detection; Disinhibition; Electrophysiology (science); Equilibrium; Exhibits; Head; Image; Interneurons; Knowledge; Lead; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Mus; Neurons; Parvalbumins; Pattern; Perception; Play; Process; Pyramidal Cells; Research Personnel; Role; Sensory; Somatostatin; Stimulus; Synapses; Testing; Texture; V1 neuron; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Fields; Whole-Cell Recordings; area striata; awake; cell type; cellular imaging; experimental study; extracellular; flexibility; insight; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; optogenetics; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; segregation; two-photon; visual stimulus

PROJECT SUMMARY Neural circuits of the primary visual cortex (V1) are critical for generating perceptions of our external world. In V1, most neurons exhibit potent modulation by stimuli that are outside their receptive fields, a process termed ‘surround modulation’. Importantly, the magnitude and sign of surround modulation depend on the orientation and contrast of the center and surround – leading to the notion that flexible surround modulation contributes to scene segmentation, salience detection, contour integration, and figure/ground segregation. The specific neural circuits in V1 that explain the feature dependence of surround modulation are largely unknown. By combining intracellular and extracellular electrophysiology, two photon imaging, and optogenetics in awake mice, we aim to reveal the inhibitory circuits in V1 that can account for these fundamental features of V1 computation. Specifically, we will test the hypothesis that a competitive inhibitory interaction between two types of V1 GABAergic interneurons (‘SST’ and ‘VIP’) cells, provides a circuit and synaptic basis for the feature dependence of surround modulation. We will image the visual responses of these two subtypes, then manipulate them optogenetically while recording neural activity extracellularly, or synaptic currents intracellularly, to test whether their visual responses and network impact are consistent with key roles in the orientation and contrast dependence of surround modulation. These experiments will provide critical new insight into how cortical inhibitory circuits mediate key aspects of sensory perception.

项目摘要 主要视觉皮层（V1）的神经回路对于产生外部世界的感知至关重要 V1，大多数Nurons表现出刺激的强大模量 “环绕调制”。 中心和周围的对比 - 导致柔性调制有助于 场景分割，显着检测，轮廓集成和图形/地面隔离。 V1中的神经回路解释了周围调制的特征依赖性 在清醒中结合细胞内和细胞外选举选举人的选举EL电子生理学，两种光子成像和光遗传学 老鼠，我们旨在揭示V1中可以说明V1奶头的抑制回路 计算。我们将测试以下假设 V1 GABA能中间神经元（'SST'和'VIP'）的细胞为该特征提供了电路和突触基础 我们将图像亚型的视觉响应的视觉响应，然后 在细胞外记录神经活动或突触电流时，通过光遗传操作它们 细胞内，为了测试他们的teir teir teir是否视觉响应和网络影响与关键角色一致 周围调制的方向和对比度依赖性。 深入了解皮质抑制电路如何介导感知的关键方面。