Malaria Vector Population Genetic Division and Vector Competence in Hainan Island

海南岛疟疾媒介群体遗传划分及媒介能力

• 批准号: 8210435
• 负责人: LIWANG CUI
• 金额: $ 6.92万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-18 至 2014-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8210435
• 关键词: Adult; Agriculture; Anopheles Genus; Area; Beds; Behavior; Bite; China; Collaborations; Communities; Competence; Complex; Country; Culicidae; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug resistance; Ecology; Effectiveness; Epidemiology; Evolution; Falciparum Malaria; Frequencies; Genetic Vectors; Grant; Heterogeneity; Infection; Insecticides; International; Island; Knowledge; Malaria; Measures; Membrane; Methods; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Monitor; Mosquito Control; Mutation; Myanmar; Parasites; Parents; Pattern; Pest Control; Plasmodium falciparum; Population; Population Genetics; Postdoctoral Fellow; Province; Public Health; Research; Resistance; Resistance development; Rest; Role; Sampling; Site; Smell Perception; Southeastern Asia; Specificity; Structure; Students; System; Testing; Thailand; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; anthropogenesis; base; chemotherapy; environmental change; experience; feeding; genetic analysis; improved; innovation; interest; microbial; parent grant; population genetic structure; preference; programs; pyrethroid; research study; resistance mechanism; response; skills training; socioeconomics; southeast Asian; tool; transmission process; vector; vector control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malaria Vector Population Genetic Division and Vector Competence in Hainan Island Project Summary Malaria is a significant public health problem and impediment to socioeconomic development in countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion of Southeast Asia. The tremendous geographical heterogeneity of malaria epidemiology in this region is associated with diverse vector systems with different vectorial capacities for the parasites. As the major measures of malaria control strategies, insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor sprays have resulted in pyrethroid resistance, and greatly reshaped the mosquito community and population structures. In Hainan Island of China, extensive use of insecticides for malaria control has led to an initially sharp decrease and recently rebound of Anopheles miminus, the key malaria vector in China and Southeast Asia. Not only has the insecticide-driven vector population succession restructured the vector community, but also the resurged mosquito population displayed altered biting preference. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that recent intensive malaria vector control measures and agricultural pest control measures have caused a significant ecological species succession and population genetic bottleneck of malaria vectors in Hainan Island, China. Therefore, this FIRCA proposal aims to take the advantage of geographical isolation of Hainan Island to elucidate the evolution of a major malaria vector in response to insecticide control. We will determine whether the different ecotypes of An. minimus from hilly and plain areas have different vectorial competence to Plasmodium falciparum infections. This study will provide invaluable information for the prediction of mosquito evolution in response to insecticides-based mosquito control measures in other malaria-endemic regions of Southeast Asia. The proposed research will contribute to building research capacity by training one Ph.D. student and one postdoc fellow from the endemic country. This project will be carried out primarily in China at Chongqing Normal University in collaboration with Dr. Bin Chen, as an extension of NIH grant U19 AI089672. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This application focuses on the mechanism of evolution of a major malaria vector species as a result of intensive insecticides-based malaria control measures in Hainan Island, southern China. Knowledge obtained from this study will help predict evolution of vector population in areas with extensive insecticide use, and help improve the effectiveness of vector control programs. Further, this research will contribute to strengthening international collaborations and building research capacity in malaria research in Chongqing Normal University.

描述（由申请人提供）：海南岛疟疾媒介群体遗传划分和媒介能力 项目概要 疟疾是东南亚大湄公河次区域国家的一个重大公共卫生问题和社会经济发展的障碍。该地区疟疾流行病学的巨大地理异质性与具有不同寄生虫载体能力的不同载体系统有关。作为疟疾控制策略的主要措施，经过杀虫剂处理的蚊帐和室内喷雾剂导致了拟除虫菊酯耐药性，并极大地重塑了蚊子群落和种群结构。在中国海南岛，广泛使用杀虫剂来控制疟疾，导致中国和东南亚主要疟疾媒介——微小按蚊的数量最初急剧减少，但最近又出现反弹。杀虫剂驱动的病媒种群演替不仅重组了病媒群落，而且复兴的蚊子种群也表现出改变的叮咬偏好。基于这些观察，我们假设近期密集的疟疾媒介控制措施和农业害虫控制措施导致中国海南岛疟疾媒介出现严重的生态物种演替和种群遗传瓶颈。因此，这项FIRCA提案旨在利用海南岛地理隔离的优势来阐明主要疟疾媒介在应对杀虫剂控制方面的演变。我们将确定An的不同生态型。来自丘陵和平原地区的小疟原虫对恶性疟原虫感染具有不同的媒介能力。这项研究将为预测东南亚其他疟疾流行地区基于杀虫剂的蚊子控制措施的蚊子进化预测提供宝贵的信息。拟议的研究将通过培训一名博士来促进研究能力建设。来自流行国家的学生和一名博士后研究员。该项目将主要在中国重庆师范大学与陈斌博士合作进行，作为 NIH 拨款 U19 AI089672 的延伸。 公共卫生相关性：本申请重点研究中国南部海南岛基于杀虫剂的强化疟疾控制措施导致主要疟疾媒介物种的进化机制。从这项研究中获得的知识将有助于预测广泛使用杀虫剂的地区病媒种群的演变，并有助于提高病媒控制计划的有效性。此外，这项研究将有助于加强重庆师范大学疟疾研究的国际合作和建设研究能力。