COMPONENT 5: Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Disparities in Alcoh

组成部分 5：种族/民族、社会经济劣势和酒精方面的差异

• 批准号: 8403603
• 负责人: NINA MULIA
• 金额: $ 14.38万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8403603
• 关键词: Acculturation; Acute; Address; Adult; Adverse effects; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Buffers; Caucasoid Race; Cereals; Childhood; Chronic; Complement; Consumption; Data; Data Sources; Dependence; Disadvantaged; Distress; Economic Recession; Economics; Education; Educational Background; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Frequencies; Gender; Goals; Health; Heart; Heavy Drinking; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Household; Housing; Income; Individual; Joints; Knowledge; Life; Light; Literature; Longevity; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Mexican Americans; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Occupations; Outcome; Outcome Study; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Prevention; Process; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Selection Bias; Series; Social Class; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Unemployment; Work; age related; alcohol related problem; drinking; early onset; expectation; experience; high risk; mortality; neglect; protective effect; psychological distress; racial/ethnic difference; socioeconomics; trend

The Disparities in Alcohol Problems research component Investigates how race/ethnicity and socioeconomic disadvantage (SED) are related to current and lifespan patterns of alcohol use and problems. A considerable body of work has already uncovered strong associations between both race/ethnicity and SED and drinking patterns and problems. However, limited research has focused on the cumulative effects of disadvantage experienced across multiple domains and across time, even though Individuals exposed to multiple forms of disadvantage or enduring disadvantage may show exponentially worse outcomes than individuals experiencing a single form of disadvantage. Similarly, very little work has considered how race/ethnicity and SED may relate to lifespan drinking patterns and problems, despite emerging evidence for the long-lasting health impacts of disadvantage. This component thus addresses these gaps in knowledge with a special focus on how a severe economic recession may exacerbate drinking problems in already disadvantaged groups. Our data source is the 2009/10 National Alcohol Survey (NAS), which provides valuable new data on exposure to recession-related economic hardships; indicators of childhood, adult, and chronic SED; fine-grained measures of alcohol outcomes; and oversamples of Blacks and Hispanics Specific aims are to: Aim 1) Examine the unique and cumulative effects of race/ethnicity and SED on heavy drinking and alcohol problems, including heavy drinking over the lifespan. This aim will involve risk curve analyses and latent class analysis to examine trajectories of heavy drinking from one's teens to the present. Aim 2) Investigate whether the effects of race/ethnicity and SED on heavy drinking and alcohol problems are exacerbated during an economic recession, due to increased exposure and vulnerability to severe hardship. Analyses will involve propensity score matching, and NAS-series trend analyses to assess changes in the magnitude of alcohol-problem disparities. Aim 3) Test a stress process model of how race/ethnicity, SED, and severe recession-related hardship are associated with heavy drinking and alcohol problems, and examine protective factors that may buffer the adverse effects of disadvantage. Study findings will identify high-risk groups and help to inform prevention efforts with potential to reduce alcohol-related disparities.

酒精问题的差异研究部分研究了种族/种族和社会经济劣势（SED）如何与酒精使用和问题的当前和寿命模式有关。大量的工作已经发现了种族/种族与SED以及饮酒模式和问题之间的牢固关联。然而，有限的研究集中在多个领域和整个时间上经历的劣势的累积影响，即使暴露于多种形式的劣势或持久的劣势的人可能比经历单一缺点形式的个人表现出指数差的结果。同样，尽管有新的证据表明持久的健康影响不利，但很少有工作考虑种族/民族和SED如何与寿命饮酒模式和问题有关。因此，该组成部分在知识中解决了这些差距，特别关注严重的经济衰退如何加剧已经处于弱势群体的饮酒问题。我们的数据来源是2009/10国家酒精调查（NAS），该调查提供 关于暴露于衰退相关的经济困难的宝贵新数据；童年，成人和慢性SED的指标；饮酒量的细粒度衡量；黑人和西班牙裔特定目的的过度示例是：目标1）检查种族/民族和SED对大量饮酒和酒精问题的独特和累积影响，包括在整个寿命中大量饮酒。该目标将涉及风险曲线分析和潜在类别分析，以检查从十几岁到现在的大量饮酒的轨迹。目标2）调查种族/民族和SED对大量饮酒和酒精问题的影响是否是 由于暴露量增加和严重困难的脆弱性，在经济衰退期间加剧了。分析将涉及倾向得分匹配，而NAS系列趋势分析以评估酒精问题差异的变化。 AIM 3）测试种族/种族，SED和严重衰退相关的艰辛与大量饮酒和酒精问题有关的压力过程模型，并检查可能缓解劣势不利影响的保护因素。研究结果将确定高风险群体，并有助于为预防工作提供降低酒精相关差异的潜力。