COMPONENT 5: Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Disparities in Alcoh

组成部分 5：种族/民族、社会经济劣势和酒精方面的差异

• 批准号: 8403603
• 负责人: NINA MULIA
• 金额: $ 14.38万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8403603
• 关键词: Acculturation; Acute; Address; Adult; Adverse effects; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Buffers; Caucasoid Race; Cereals; Childhood; Chronic; Complement; Consumption; Data; Data Sources; Dependence; Disadvantaged; Distress; Economic Recession; Economics; Education; Educational Background; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Frequencies; Gender; Goals; Health; Heart; Heavy Drinking; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Household; Housing; Income; Individual; Joints; Knowledge; Life; Light; Literature; Longevity; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Mexican Americans; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Occupations; Outcome; Outcome Study; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Prevention; Process; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Selection Bias; Series; Social Class; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Unemployment; Work; age related; alcohol related problem; drinking; early onset; expectation; experience; high risk; mortality; neglect; protective effect; psychological distress; racial/ethnic difference; socioeconomics; trend

The Disparities in Alcohol Problems research component Investigates how race/ethnicity and socioeconomic disadvantage (SED) are related to current and lifespan patterns of alcohol use and problems. A considerable body of work has already uncovered strong associations between both race/ethnicity and SED and drinking patterns and problems. However, limited research has focused on the cumulative effects of disadvantage experienced across multiple domains and across time, even though Individuals exposed to multiple forms of disadvantage or enduring disadvantage may show exponentially worse outcomes than individuals experiencing a single form of disadvantage. Similarly, very little work has considered how race/ethnicity and SED may relate to lifespan drinking patterns and problems, despite emerging evidence for the long-lasting health impacts of disadvantage. This component thus addresses these gaps in knowledge with a special focus on how a severe economic recession may exacerbate drinking problems in already disadvantaged groups. Our data source is the 2009/10 National Alcohol Survey (NAS), which provides valuable new data on exposure to recession-related economic hardships; indicators of childhood, adult, and chronic SED; fine-grained measures of alcohol outcomes; and oversamples of Blacks and Hispanics Specific aims are to: Aim 1) Examine the unique and cumulative effects of race/ethnicity and SED on heavy drinking and alcohol problems, including heavy drinking over the lifespan. This aim will involve risk curve analyses and latent class analysis to examine trajectories of heavy drinking from one's teens to the present. Aim 2) Investigate whether the effects of race/ethnicity and SED on heavy drinking and alcohol problems are exacerbated during an economic recession, due to increased exposure and vulnerability to severe hardship. Analyses will involve propensity score matching, and NAS-series trend analyses to assess changes in the magnitude of alcohol-problem disparities. Aim 3) Test a stress process model of how race/ethnicity, SED, and severe recession-related hardship are associated with heavy drinking and alcohol problems, and examine protective factors that may buffer the adverse effects of disadvantage. Study findings will identify high-risk groups and help to inform prevention efforts with potential to reduce alcohol-related disparities.

酒精问题的差异研究部分调查种族/族裔和社会经济劣势 (SED) 如何与当前和生命周期的酒精使用模式和问题相关。大量研究工作已经揭示了种族/族裔与 SED 以及饮酒模式和问题之间的密切关联。然而，有限的研究集中在跨多个领域和跨时间经历的劣势的累积影响，尽管暴露于多种形式的劣势或持久劣势的个人可能比经历单一形式的劣势的个人表现出指数级更差的结果。同样，尽管有新的证据表明不利因素对健康产生长期影响，但很少有研究考虑种族/族裔和 SED 与终生饮酒模式和问题之间的关系。因此，本部分解决了这些知识差距，特别关注严重的经济衰退如何加剧本已处于不利地位的群体的饮酒问题。我们的数据来源是 2009/10 年全国酒精调查 (NAS)，该调查提供 有关与衰退相关的经济困难的宝贵新数据；儿童、成人和慢性 SED 指标；酒精结果的细粒度测量；对黑人和西班牙裔进行过采样 具体目标是： 目标 1) 检查种族/族裔和 SED 对酗酒和酒精问题（包括终生酗酒）的独特和累积影响。这一目标将涉及风险曲线分析和潜在类别分析，以检查一个人从青少年时期到现在的酗酒轨迹。目标 2) 调查种族/族裔和 SED 对酗酒和酗酒问题的影响是否 在经济衰退期间，由于遭受严重困难的风险和脆弱性增加，这种情况更加严重。分析将涉及倾向评分匹配和 NAS 系列趋势分析，以评估酒精问题差异程度的变化。目标 3) 测试压力过程模型，了解种族/族裔、SED 和严重衰退相关的困难与酗酒和酗酒问题之间的关系，并检查可以缓冲劣势不利影响的保护因素。研究结果将识别高危人群，并有助于为预防工作提供信息，从而有可能减少与酒精相关的差异。