Early Life Exposures to Air Toxics and the Risk of Early Childhood Leukemia

生命早期接触空气毒物和儿童早期白血病的风险

• 批准号: 8305363
• 负责人: ELAINE SYMANSKI
• 金额: $ 7.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8305363
• 关键词: 1,3-Butadiene; 20 year old; Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; Acute Myelocytic Leukemia; Address; Adult; Age; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Area; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Benzene; Birth; Birth Certificates; Cancer Control; Carcinogens; Case-Control Studies; Censuses; Chemicals; Child; Childhood; Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Childhood Leukemia; Coal; Data; Diagnosis; Economics; Epidemiologist; Etiology; Exposure to; Future; Health; Home environment; Incidence; Individual; Investigation; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Modeling; Nature; Neighborhoods; Neonatal; Outcome; Petroleum; Plants; Play; Policy Maker; Power Plants; Records; Research Design; Residential Mobility; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Source; Texas; Time; Toxicant exposure; Vulnerable Populations; Work; base; cancer risk; case control; case-based; design; early childhood; early life exposure; leukemia; neoplasm registry; pollutant; residence; social; stressor; therapy development; trafficking; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The etiology of childhood leukemia, the most common pediatric cancer, remains unknown. Benzene is a known leukemogen in adults and ambient air exposures to this carcinogen have been hypothesized to play a role in the incidence of childhood leukemia and other air toxics may be implicated as well. This investigation will represent the largest study conducted to date to assess effects of air toxic exposures on the risk of early childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Moreover, the methodological component of the application will critically assess differences in exposure assignment due to changes in residence from the time of birth to the time of diagnosis. Texas provides a unique study area to assess cancer risk associated with exposures to air toxics because of its extensive road traffic and the number of petrochemical facilities and coal-fired power plants that operate in the state. The state also ranks poorly in the nation in terms of health, social and economic disparities. A case- control study design with control for individual- and neighborhood-level confounders will be employed. Cases between the ages of 0-4 years will be identified from the Texas Cancer Registry and controls sampled from Texas birth certificate records. Residential exposure to air toxics will be assessed using modeled estimates of census-tract ambient air levels of benzene, 1,3-butadiene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the U.S. EPA's National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment. The first aim will be to assess the association between risk of ALL and AML and ambient air pollution using modeled census-tract level estimates of benzene, 1,3- butadiene and PAHs. Combined effects of these air pollutants will also be evaluated. Because studies of ambient air pollution and pediatric outcomes often rely on maternal address at delivery that is available from the birth certificate to classify exposure, the second aim will evaluate differences in exposure assignment based on maternal address at the time of birth and address of the child at the time of diagnosis. The proposed study is significant in that it will (1) enhance our understanding of putative risks o childhood leukemia associated with air toxics and (2) aid epidemiologists in considerations of the impact of residential mobility from birth to diagnosis in future studies of childhood leukemia and other pediatric outcomes. Results will inform risk assessors and policy makers about combined effects arising from multiple chemical stressors, aid in the development of interventions to reduce risks of childhood leukemia associated with air pollution, and provide a framework for evaluating the potential for exposure misclassification due to residential mobility. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This investigation will represent the largest study conducted to date to assess effects of air toxic exposures on the risk of early childhood acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia. Our study will enhance our understanding of putative risks of childhood leukemia associated with air toxics and will also assess differences in exposure assignment based on maternal address at delivery and address of the child at the time of diagnosis. Results will inform risk assessors and policy makers about combined effects arising from multiple chemical stressors, aid in the development of interventions to reduce risks of childhood leukemia associated with air pollution, and provide a framework for evaluating the potential for exposure misclassification due to residential mobility.

描述（由申请人提供）：最常见的小儿癌儿童白血病的病因仍然未知。苯是成年人中已知的白血病，已经认为该致癌的环境空气暴露在儿童性白血病发病率和其他空气毒物的发生中起作用。这项研究将代表迄今为止进行的最大研究，以评估空气有毒暴露对幼儿急性髓样白血病（AML）和急性淋巴细胞性白血病的影响（ALL）。此外，由于从出生时期到诊断时间的居住时间变化，应用程序的方法论成分将严格评估暴露分配的差异。德克萨斯州提供了一个独特的研究领域，以评估与空气毒物暴露有关的癌症风险，因为其广泛的道路交通以及该州运营的石化设施和燃煤电厂的数量。在健康，社会和经济差异方面，国家在国家的排名也很差。将采用具有对个体和邻里水平混杂因素控制的案例控制研究设计。从得克萨斯州癌症注册表中确定了0-4岁之间的病例，并控制了德克萨斯州出生证书记录的采样。将使用对普查的苯，1,3-丁二烯和多环芳烃（PAHS）的普查环境空气水平的建模估计值来评估住宅毒物的住宅暴露。第一个目的是使用建模的苯，1,3-丁二烯和PAH的人口普查水平估计值来评估所有与AML的风险与环境空气污染之间的关联。这些空气污染物的联合作用也将进行评估。由于对环境空气污染和小儿结局的研究通常依赖于从出生证明中获得的孕产妇地址来对暴露进行分类，因此第二个目标将在诊断时根据出生时的产妇地址评估基于母亲地址的暴露分配差异。拟议的研究非常重要，因为它将（1）增强我们对假定风险的理解o与空气毒物相关的儿童白血病和（2）在儿童期白血病和其他儿科陈酿的未来研究中，从出生到诊断的住宅流动性的影响。结果将为风险评估者和政策制定者提供有关多种化学压力源引起的综合影响的信息，有助于开发干预措施，以减少与空气污染相关的儿童白血病风险，并为评估由于住宅流动性而导致的暴露失误的框架。 公共卫生相关性：这项调查将代表迄今为止进行的最大研究，以评估空气毒性暴露对幼儿急性急性髓样白血病和急性淋巴细胞性白血病的影响。我们的研究将增强我们对与空气毒理学相关的儿童白血病的假定风险的理解，还将根据诊断时的孕产妇地址和儿童地址来评估暴露分配的差异。结果将为风险评估者和政策制定者提供有关多种化学压力源引起的综合影响的信息，有助于开发干预措施，以减少与空气污染相关的儿童白血病风险，并为评估由于住宅流动性而导致的暴露失误的框架。