Temporal Dynamics and Neural Bases of Emotion Regulation Under Emotional Load

情绪负荷下情绪调节的时间动力学和神经基础

• 批准号: 8302743
• 负责人: JAMES J GROSS
• 金额: $ 23.55万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8302743
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Arousal; Attention; Attenuated; Basic Science; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Brain region; Clinical; Cognitive; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Emotions; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Goals; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Lateral; Medial; Parietal; Patient Self-Report; Phase; Process; Psychopathology; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Staging; Stimulus; System; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Translational Research; affective neuroscience; attenuation; base; cognitive control; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; high risk; improved; indexing; neural patterning; novel; prevent; programs; relating to nervous system; response; stimulus processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to successfully regulate emotions is among the most critical of human capacities. Basic research in affective neuroscience has begun to elucidate the cognitive processes which support this vital ability, attesting in particula to the efficacy of two major forms of emotion regulation, attentional deployment (AD) and cognitive reappraisal (CR). AD and CR are thought to operate through distinct cognitive mechanisms, differing both in (1) when they impact the temporal trajectory of emotion generation, and (2) which neural systems they engage. Critically, recent behavioral research has shown that AD and CR are differentially affected by the intensity of the emotion to be regulated, with CR - but not AD - becoming less effective under high levels of emotional load. The mechanisms underlying this differential impact of emotional load on AD and CR remain unclear. The broad, long-term objective of this proposal is to use a neurobiologically informed framework to account for the differential effect of emotional load on AD and CR by elucidating key differences in their temporal dynamics and patterns of neural engagement. More specifically, we propose to use electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine AD and CR under differing levels of emotional load. We hypothesize that (1a) AD will attenuate an electrocortical index of emotional stimulus processing (the late positive potential; LPP) at an early phase, but that CR will do so at a later phase, and importantly, (1b) the early attenuation of the LPP by AD will remain consistent across varying levels of emotional load, but the late attenuation by CR will weaken under high levels of emotional load. Second, we hypothesize that (2a) AD will recruit prefrontal and parietal regions involved in attentional control, whereas CR will recruit lateral and medial prefrontal brain region which have been associated with cognitive control and with affective meaning processing, and crucially, (2b) the modulation of amygdala activity via attentional brain regions in AD will be consistent across varying levels of emotional load, but the modulation of amygdala activity via affective-meaning processing regions in CR will vary as a function of emotional load (with no modulation under high emotional load). Our proposed research will help us to understand why certain regulation strategies seem to break down and become ineffective under high levels of emotional load, and may suggest new interventions for high-risk individuals based on the notion that, in order to optimize their overall utility, regulation strategies may need to be flexibly deployed according to the unique emotional demands of the situation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This proposal seeks to clarify the temporal dynamics and neural bases of two widely used forms of emotion regulation (attentional deployment, AD, and cognitive reappraisal, CR) under varying levels of emotional load. Drawing upon a neurobiologically-informed framework which sees AD and CR as operating via overlapping but separable mechanisms, this research will: a) delineate the mechanisms by which certain regulatory strategies - but not others - become ineffective under high levels of emotional load, and b) help provide an understanding of the temporal dynamics and patterns of neural engagement underlying emotion regulatory impairments in the highly intense emotional states that characterize many clinical disorders. Given that major therapeutic interventions focus on improving attentional and evaluative processes that constitute AD and CR, respectively, the proposed research will facilitate the development of novel clinical interventions - and key refinements in extant ones - informed by the idea that optimal emotion regulation depends upon flexibly applying distinct regulation strategies according to the unique emotional demands of the situation.

描述（由申请人提供）：成功调节情绪的能力是人类能力最关键的能力。情感神经科学领域的基础研究已经开始阐明支持这种重要能力的认知过程，这证明了两种主要形式的情绪调节，注意力部署（AD）和认知重新评估（CR）的功效。 AD和CR被认为是通过不同的认知机制来运作的，在（1）影响情绪产生的时间轨迹以及（2）它们所参与的神经系统时，它们在（1）中有所不同。至关重要的是，最近的行为研究表明，AD和CR受到要调节的情绪强度的差异影响，在高水平的情绪负担下，CR（但不可能）变得降低了效果。情绪负荷对AD和CR的这种差异影响的基础机制尚不清楚。该提案的广泛长期目标是使用神经生物学知情的框架来解释情绪负荷对AD和CR的差异效果，并阐明其时间动态和神经参与模式的关键差异。更具体地说，我们建议使用脑电图（EEG）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）在不同水平的情绪负载下检查AD和CR。我们假设（1A）AD会在早期阶段衰减情绪刺激处理（晚期积极的潜力； LPP）的皮质索引，但是CR会在以后的阶段进行，而且（重要的是）（1B）AD对LPP对LPP的早期衰减将在情绪下降的高度降低的情况下保持一致。其次，我们假设（2a）AD将招募参与注意力控制的前额叶和顶叶区域，而CR将招募与认知控制和情感意义处理以及至关重要的处理以及至关重要的处理，（2B）通过广告范围的vary vary varrive varrive vary varrive vary contion的横向和内侧前脑大脑区域，与情感含义的处理以及至关重要CR中通过情感含义的处理区域通过情绪负荷的函数（在高情绪负载下没有调节）而有所不同。我们提出的研究将帮助我们理解为什么某些监管策略在高水平的情感负担下似乎会破裂并无效，并可能建议基于以下观点对高风险个人进行新的干预措施，即为了优化其整体效用，可能需要根据情况的独特情感需求灵活地部署监管策略。 公共卫生相关性：该提案旨在阐明两种广泛使用的情绪调节形式（注意部署，AD和认知重新评估，CR）的时间动态和神经基础，在不同程度的情绪负荷下。利用神经生物学知觉的框架，该框架将AD和CR视为通过重叠但可分离的机制运行，这项研究将：a）描述某些调节策略的机制（但不是其他策略）在高水平的情绪负荷下变得无效，并且在高水平的情感量下变得无效，b）有助于在临时动力和模式下进行启发，以高度启动情绪范围，以高度启动情感范围，以高度启动情感的动态，并在高度上进行动态的模式，以实现情感的范围，以实现情绪的影响。疾病。鉴于主要的治疗干预措施着重于改善分别构成AD和CR的注意力和评估过程，因此拟议的研究将促进新型临床干预措施的发展 - 以及现存的研究中的关键改进，这是由于最佳的情绪调节依赖于灵活地采用独特的情绪要求，因此，最佳的情绪调节取决于这种情况。