Metabolic mechanisms of antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer

乳腺癌抗雌激素抵抗的代谢机制

• 批准号: 8635096
• 负责人: Ubaldo Martinez Outschoorn
• 金额: $ 16.77万
• 依托单位: THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-12 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8635096
• 关键词: Acetylcysteine; Aftercare; Antiestrogen Therapy; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Biological Markers; Breast Cancer Cell; Cancer Center; Catabolism; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Line; Cell model; Cells; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials Design; Coculture Techniques; Core Facility; Coupled; Coupling; Development Plans; Drug Targeting; Drug resistance; Educational workshop; Enrollment; Ensure; Epigallocatechin Gallate; Epithelial; Epithelial Cells; Estrogen Antagonists; Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Estrogen receptor positive; Fibroblasts; Foundations; Fulvestrant; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Generations; Genes; Glycolysis; Goals; Health; Human; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Lead; Leadership; Learning; Link; MCF7 cell; Malignant Epithelial Cell; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Metabolic; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Modeling; Molecular Biology Techniques; NCI-Designated Cancer Center; Nuclear; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxidative Stress; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Progression-Free Survivals; Proteins; Public Health; Reactive Oxygen Species; Recurrence; Recurrent disease; Refractory; Refractory Disease; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Respiration; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Staining method; Stains; Stromal Cells; Subgroup; T47D; Tamoxifen; Testing; Tissues; Up-Regulation; Work; Xenograft Model; base; cancer cell; career; career development; caveolin 1; cell growth; cohort; design; drug development; drug testing; follow-up; genetically modified cells; glucose uptake; improved; malignant breast neoplasm; meetings; mortality; overexpression; programs; protein expression; skills; treatment strategy; tumor; tumor metabolism; tumor microenvironment; uncoupling protein 1; uptake

7. Project Summary/Abstract: My long term career goal is to become an independent physician scientist who focuses on drug resistance in breast cancer and combines laboratory based mechanistic research and clinical trial design and implementation. My current efforts are devoted to studying how to overcome antiestrogen resistance by modulating epithelial stromal metabolic interactions in breast cancer utilizing molecular biology techniques. My mentor Dr. Richard Pestell has expertise in breast cancer metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. My co-mentor Dr. Scott Waldman has expertise in clinical trial design and implementation. The Kimmel Cancer Center where I work is an NCI designated Cancer Center with a well-established and vibrant research program and multiple core facilities that will allow me to carry out this proposal. A career development plan based on experimental work in Dr. Pestell's lab, twice weekly interactions with Dr. Pestell, and weekly with Dr. Waldman as well as mentorship committee meetings every two months and participation in workshops and seminars is being implemented to learn technical and leadership skills. Relapsed or refractory cancer after antiestrogen therapy defines antiestrogen resistance clinically and this is a major public health issue. Antiestrogen resistance occurs in 40% of ER+ patients and it is most often fatal. We lack good biomarkers and treatments for antiestrogen resistance. It has recently been discovered that metabolic coupling with high mitochondrial metabolism in epithelial cells with low metabolism in the stroma is associated with antiestrogen resistance. We have recently demonstrated that a tumor stroma with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), low oxidative phosphorylation metabolism (OXPHOS) and high glycolysis is found in aggressive breast cancers. This type of stromal metabolism leads to metabolic coupling and transfer of high energy catabolites to the epithelial cancer cells and is associated with antiestrogen resistance. My overall hypothesis is that metabolic coupling drives antiestrogen resistance and reversal of epithelial-stromal metabolic coupling will overcome antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer. The project aims are: i) To test the hypothesis that OXPHOS metabolic coupling is sufficient to induce antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer. I will use an in vitro stromal-epithelial cell model of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. I will genetically modify cells in order to generate tight epithelial-stromal metabolic coupling with epithelial cancer cells with high OXPHOS metabolism via upregulation of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), nuclear respiration factor 1 (NRF1) and mitoNEET and stromal cells with low OXPHOS metabolism and high catabolism via upregulation of monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) to determine if changes in the metabolism of the epithelial or stromal compartment are sufficient to increase antiestrogen resistance. These cell lines that I generate will be cultured with either fibroblasts or ER+ carcinoma cells. Antiestrogen resistance will be measured by quantifying apoptosis and proliferation of the breast cancer cells after treatment with tamoxifen and fulvestrant. We will also determine if these cell lines induce antiestrogen resistance using xenograft models. ii) To test the hypothesis that expression of genes linked to OXPHOS metabolic coupling are associated with antiestrogen resistance in a cohort of patients. I will stain a human tumor microarray (TMA) of patients with ER+ breast cancer treated with tamoxifen for the proteins listed in aim 1. I will correlate the expression of these proteins by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the stromal and epithelial compartments with progression free survival (PFS). We will also perform gene expression profiling (GEP) of the carcinoma cells that I generate to determine if we can generate a signature that predicts antiestrogen resistance. iii) To test the hypothesis that drugs that modulate OXPHOS, glycolysis or reactive oxygen species will overcome antiestrogen resistance. I will use our epithelial-stromal coculture models of antiestrogen resistant breast cancer, including the genetically modified cells generated for aim 1 to determine if drugs that metabolically uncouple epithelial and stromal cells can overcome antiestrogen resistance. Specifically, I will test drugs that increase or decrease OXPHOS, inhibit glycolysis or inhibit oxidative stress to determine their effects on carcinoma cell growth. I will also study the functional effects of these drugs in vitro by studying glucose uptake, mitochondrial activity and ROS measurement to ensure expected effects. I will also study the effects of the antioxidant n-acetylcysteine (NAC) on OXPHOS metabolic coupling in humans. Subjects with breast cancer are being enrolled in a pilot clinical trial with NAC where cancer tissue is obtained pre-NAC and post-NAC treatment. The effects of NAC on stromal Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and MCT4 expression will be studied by IHC. This study and career development plan will allow me to gain the skills to become an independent investigator and the research will discover mechanisms of antiestrogen drug resistance, develop biomarkers and lay the foundations for drug development. I hope to become a physician scientist who links the laboratory and clinical research aspects to improve the lives of patients with breast cancer. 1

7。项目摘要/摘要：我的长期职业目标是成为一名独立的医师科学家 专注于乳腺癌的耐药性，并结合了实验室的机械研究和临床 试用设计和实施。我目前的努力致力于研究如何克服抗雌激素 通过调节分子生物学的乳腺癌中上皮基质代谢相互作用来抗性 技术。我的导师理查德·佩斯特尔（Richard Pestell）博士在乳腺癌代谢和肿瘤方面具有专业知识 微环境。我的同事斯科特·沃尔德曼（Scott Waldman）博士在临床试验设计和实施方面具有专业知识。 我工作的金梅尔癌症中心是NCI指定的癌症中心 充满活力的研究计划和多个核心设施，使我能够执行此建议。职业 基于Pestell博士实验室实验工作的开发计划，每周两次与Pestell博士进行互动 每周一次与Waldman博士以及指导委员会会议每两个月举行一次，并参加 正在实施研讨会和研讨会，以学习技术和领导能力。 抗雌激素治疗后复发或难治性癌在临床上定义抗雌激素的耐药性 这是一个主要的公共卫生问题。抗雌激素耐药性发生在40％的ER+患者中，并且通常是 致命的。我们缺乏良好的生物标志物和抗雌激素耐药性的治疗方法。最近发现 与基质中新陈代谢低的上皮细胞中的高线粒体代谢与高线粒体代谢的代谢偶联 与抗雌激素耐药性有关。我们最近证明了肿瘤基质增加 活性氧（ROS），低氧化磷酸化代谢（Oxphos）和高糖酵解是 在侵略性的乳腺癌中发现。这种类型的基质代谢导致代谢耦合和转移 高能分解代谢物与上皮癌细胞，并与抗雌激素抗性有关。我的 总体假设是代谢耦合驱动抗雌激素耐药性和上皮质体的逆转 代谢耦合将克服乳腺癌中的抗雌激素耐药性。该项目的目的是： i）测试Oxphos代谢耦合足以诱导抗雌激素的假设 乳腺癌的抗性。我将使用雌激素受体阳性的体外基质 - 上皮细胞模型 （ER+）乳腺癌。我将基因修饰细胞，以产生紧密的上皮质代谢 通过上调单羧酸盐与上皮癌细胞与上皮癌细胞的耦合 转运蛋白1（MCT1），核呼吸因子1（NRF1）和Mitoneet和基质细胞，具有低Oxphos 通过上调单羧酸盐转运蛋白4（MCT4）和解偶联，代谢和高分解代谢 蛋白1（UCP1）确定上皮或基质室代谢的变化是 足以增加抗雌激素耐药性。我生成的这些细胞系将以任何一种 成纤维细胞或ER+癌细胞。抗雌激素耐药性将通过量化凋亡和 他莫昔芬和富伏治疗后，乳腺癌细胞的增殖。我们还将确定是否 这些细胞系使用异种移植模型诱导抗雌激素耐药性。 ii）检验以下假设：与Oxphos代谢耦合相关的基因的表达是 一群患者中与抗雌激素耐药性有关。我将弄脏人类肿瘤微阵列 （TMA）用他莫昔芬治疗的ER+乳腺癌患者在AIM 1中列出的蛋白质。 这些蛋白质通过免疫组织化学（IHC）在基质和上皮室中的表达 具有无进展生存（PFS）。我们还将执行癌的基因表达分析（GEP） 我生成的细胞以确定我们是否可以产生预测抗雌激素耐药性的特征。 iii）检验了调节OXPHOS，糖酵解或活性氧的药物的假设 物种将克服抗雌激素的耐药性。我将使用我们的上皮细胞共培养模型 抗雌激素的乳腺癌，包括为AIM 1生成的转基因细胞，以确定是否是否 代谢上上皮细胞和基质细胞的药物可以克服抗雌激素的耐药性。 具体而言，我将测试增加或减少Oxphos，抑制糖酵解或抑制氧化应激的药物 确定它们对癌细胞生长的影响。我还将研究这些药物在体外的功能效应 通过研究葡萄糖摄取，线粒体活性和ROS测量以确保预期效应。我会 还研究抗氧化剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）对人类Oxphos代谢偶联的影响。 患有乳腺癌的受试者正在接受NAC进行癌组织的试验临床试验。 NAC前和NAC后治疗。 NAC对基质小窝蛋白-1（CAV-1）和MCT4表达的影响 将由IHC研究。 这项研究和职业发展计划将使我能够获得独立的技能 研究者和研究将发现抗雌激素耐药性的机制，发展生物标志物 并为药物开发奠定基础。我希望成为将实验室联系起来的医师科学家 以及临床研究方面，以改善乳腺癌患者的生活。 1