Differential Extinction of Specific Types of Posttraumatic Emotional Reactivity

特定类型的创伤后情绪反应的差异消退

• 批准号: 8213121
• 负责人: Christal L. Badour
• 金额: $ 3.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS AT FAYETTEVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8213121
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Chronic; Clinical; Control Groups; Cues; Development; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Evidence based intervention; Exposure to; Extinction (Psychology); Failure; Foundations; Fright; Goals; Imagery; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Measures; Memory; Methods; Minority; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Phase; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention; Prevention program; Procedures; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Randomized; Reaction; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Residual state; Resistance; Scientist; Services; Specificity; Stimulus; Stress; Structure; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Training; Trauma; Undifferentiated; Woman; Work; assault; base; biological adaptation to stress; career; clinically significant; conditioned fear; design; disability; emotional reaction; experience; improved; innovation; long term memory; pre-doctoral; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; response; sexual assault; therapy design; treatment program

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Based on my overarching career goal of becoming a clinical scientist in an academic setting with a program of work focused on understanding the range of emotional reactions associated with traumatic events and their affect on both natural and facilitated recovery from posttraumatic stress reactions, I am seeking training in 1) the use of sophisticated methodological and analytic techniques involving trauma-relevant laboratory elicitation and assessment of emotion; 2) the use of experimental psychopathology methods to understand posttraumatic sequelae, including PTSD; and 3) the application of this evidence to the development and refinement of both treatment and prevention programs targeting problematic posttraumatic outcomes. The proposed laboratory-based study represents a key step in the service of these aims by providing a rich context for me to examine mechanisms that can inform the development of tailored, evidence-based interventions. As such, the proposed study utilizes sophisticated laboratory-based procedures to compare rates of decline in the emotional reactivity of disgust and fear in response to repeated exposure to sexual assault-related cues. Specifically, 92 sexually assaulted women will complete a laboratory-based assessment of disgust- and fear-based emotional reactivity in response to repeated exposures to an individualized script-driven imagery procedure. Change in emotional reactivity will be measured following exposure to disgust- and fear- focused sexual assault scripts as well as neutral scripts (control groups). Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups (2 experimental, 2 control) where they will receive repeated exposure to disgust-focused and fear-focused sexual assault scripts (experimental groups) or neutral scripts (control groups). Specific study hypotheses are as follows: 1) overall, repeated exposure to sexual assault cues will result in less extinction of disgust-based reactivity compared to fear-based reactivity, 2) repeated exposure to disgust-focused sexual assault cues, compared to exposure to fear-focused cues, will result in greater extinction of disgust-based reactivity, and 3) Repeated exposure to fear-focused sexual assault cues, compared to exposure to disgust- focused cues, will result in greater extinction of fear-based reactivity. Exposure-based procedures are integrated into the most well-established prevention programs and treatments for posttraumatic stress resulting from sexual assault, yet a significant minority of people receiving such interventions do not appear to benefit and people responding well to interventions commonly report residual symptoms . Accordingly, this project aims to understand specific processes and mechanisms that likely affect outcomes of exposure-based interventions to advance efforts to further alleviate the extensive public health burden introduced by PTSD. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: While leading scholars in the area of sexual assault have long suggested that emotions other than fear are likely to be impact interventions for posttraumatic problems, the current project incorporates one of the first controlled laboratory investigations of this hypothesis by investigating the effects of exposure to sexual assault- relevant cues on disgust- and fear-based reactivity. Findings from this study will lay the foundation for an investigation of effects of specifically targeting disgust-based reactivity in the treatment of sexual assault- related PTSD. This project is both significant and clinically important in that it seeks to better understand specific processes and mechanisms that likely affect outcomes of exposure-based interventions in an effort to enhance interventions designed to alleviate the extensive public health burden introduced by PTSD.

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Based on my overarching career goal of becoming a clinical scientist in an academic setting with a program of work focused on understanding the range of emotional reactions associated with traumatic events and their affect on both natural and facilitated recovery from posttraumatic stress reactions, I am seeking training in 1) the use of sophisticated methodological and analytic techniques involving trauma-relevant laboratory elicitation and assessment of emotion; 2）使用实验性心理病理学方法来理解包括PTSD在内的创伤后后遗症； 3）将此证据应用于针对创伤后结果的治疗和预防计划的发展和完善。拟议的基于实验室的研究代表了为这些目标服务的关键步骤，它为我提供了丰富的背景，以研究可以为开发量身定制的基于证据的干预措施开发的机制。因此，拟议的研究利用基于实验室的复杂程序来比较反复暴露于与性侵犯相关的提示的反应时，厌恶和恐惧的情绪反应性率下降。具体而言，有92名性侵犯的妇女将完成基于实验室的评估，以应对反复暴露于个性化的脚本驱动的图像程序，以响应反复暴露于厌恶和恐惧的情绪反应性。暴露于厌恶和以恐惧为中心的性侵犯脚本以及中性脚本（对照组）后，将衡量情绪反应性的变化。参与者将被随机分配给四组之一（2个实验性，2个对照）之一，在那里他们将重复接触以厌恶为中心的和恐惧的性侵犯脚本（实验组）或中性脚本（对照组）。具体的研究假设如下：1）总的来说，与基于恐惧的反应性相比，与基于恐惧的反应性相比，重复接触性侵犯线索将导致基于厌恶的反应性的灭绝较少，2）重复暴露于以厌恶为中心的性侵犯性线索相比，与以恐惧为中心相比，与恐惧相比会导致更大的基于恐惧的反应性，并与恐惧的反应性相比，并将其重复蔓延到3）。以厌恶为中心的提示将导致更大的基于恐惧的反应性灭绝。基于暴露的程序被整合到最公认的预防计划和治疗后，用于因性侵犯而导致的创伤后压力，但是接受此类干预措施的大量人似乎并没有受益，并且人们对干预措施通常报告残留症状做出了很好的反应。因此，该项目旨在了解可能影响基于暴露的干预措施结果的特定过程和机制，以进一步减轻PTSD引入的广泛的公共卫生负担。 公共卫生相关性：虽然长期以来的性侵犯领域的领导学者长期表明，恐惧以外的情绪可能是对创伤后问题的影响干预措施，但目前的项目纳入了对这一假设的首次对照实验室调查之一，通过研究对性侵犯的影响对性侵犯和恐惧的反应性的影响。这项研究的结果将为研究针对性侵犯相关PTSD的特定靶向基于厌恶的反应性的影响奠定基础。该项目既重要又至关重要，因为它试图更好地了解可能影响基于暴露的干预措施结果的特定过程和机制，以增强旨在减轻PTSD引入的广泛公共健康负担的干预措施。

项目成果

Shame Proneness, Negative Cognitions, and Posttraumatic Stress Among Women with a History Sexual Trauma.

• DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2020.1725211
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma
• 作者: Badour CL;Dutton CE;Wright JJ;Jones AC;Feldner MT
• 通讯作者: Feldner MT

Preliminary evidence for a unique role of disgust-based conditioning in posttraumatic stress.

• DOI: 10.1002/jts.21796
• 发表时间: 2013-04
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Badour, Christal L.;Feldner, Matthew T.;Blumenthal, Heidemarie;Knapp, Ashley
• 通讯作者: Knapp, Ashley