Researching Equitable Sleep Time (REST) in Appalachia

研究阿巴拉契亚的公平睡眠时间 (REST)

• 批准号: 10215786
• 负责人: Christal L. Badour
• 金额: $ 75.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-26 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10215786
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Alcohols; Anxiety; Appalachian Region; Attitude; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Belief; Biological; Birds; C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Caring; Child Sexual Abuse; Cirrhosis; Cognitive; Communities; County; Data Collection; Demographic Factors; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Distress; Economics; Emotional; Ethnic Origin; Eye; Face; Family; Financial Hardship; Glycosylated Hemoglobin; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Health; Health Status Indicators; Health behavior; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Hour; Immunologics; Individual; Individual Differences; Interview; Kentucky; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Metabolic; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurocognitive Deficit; Obesity; Outcome; Overdose; Participant; Perception; Physical activity; Predictive Factor; Premature Mortality; Process; Productivity; Public Health; Race; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Risk; Rural; Rural Appalachia; Rural Community; Rural Population; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Series; Sex Differences; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Smoking; Social support; Societal Factors; Southeastern United States; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Suicide; Surveys; System; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Trauma; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Violence; Well in self; Work; base; cognitive task; cohort; cost; demographics; design; diet and exercise; economic impact; ethnic minority population; health disparity; health disparity populations; health inequalities; holistic approach; innovation; insight; interest; longitudinal design; low socioeconomic status; mortality; protective factors; racial and ethnic; racial minority; recruit; research study; rural dwellers; rural health disparities; rurality; self reliance; sex; sleep health; social; social determinants; social factors; substance use

Insufficient sleep (habitual sleep duration of ≤6 hours), is a costly, prevalent, public health problem associated with numerous negative health outcomes. Prior research suggests that insufficient sleep is more prevalent among health disparity populations (e.g., racial minorities, adults of low socioeconomic status), but our understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of sleep disparities in rural populations is limited. The present study “Researching Equitable Sleep Time in Kentucky Communities (REST-KY),” focuses on Appalachian adults, an NIH-designated health disparity population, whose serious health inequities include multiple health morbidities and premature mortality. Six of the counties with the highest concentration of insufficient sleep in the nation are in Central Appalachian Kentucky (KY), where 25-58% of adults report insufficient sleep 15+ nights/month. These counties are severely economically distressed, yet, nearby counties with comparable economic distress, rurality, and demographic homogeneity are not “hotspots” of insufficient sleep. Use of a mixed methods, longitudinal design will allow us to evaluate mechanisms contributing to both sleep deficiencies and health in this rural community. Knowledge gaps include 1) Sparse insights into specific individual-, social-, and societal-level factors contributing to sleep deficiencies in Appalachian adults.; 2) It is not known if regional sleep and health disparities share the same underlying mechanisms; and 3) Critical points of variance between “hotspot” and non-“hotspot” counties have not been examined. We will recruit a cohort of 400 adults from 6 insufficient sleep “hotspot” counties (n=200) in Appalachian KY, and 6 similarly rural and economically distressed non-“hotspot” counties. Recruitment will be stratified across “hotspot” and non-“hotspot” counties by key demographic factors linked to sleep deficiencies (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity) to promote county cluster-level comparisons. Specific Aims. 1. Use mixed methods to compare how individual, social, and societal factors linked to sleep deficiencies differ between insufficient sleep “hotspot” and non-“hotspot” counties. 2. Evaluate mechanisms driving sleep deficiencies and health outcomes over time. Bi-directional models of sleep and health outcomes will be examined. 3. Quantify day-to-day sleep reactivity (i.e., the degree to which daytime distress impacts sleep) and test if individual differences in sleep reactivity predict worsened health outcomes over time. Differences by sex and county cluster (“hotspot” vs. non-“hotspot”) will also be examined in Aims 2-3. Our multiple, sophisticated objective and subjective data collection methods, made possible by our interdisciplinary team’s varied expertise, will advance scientific knowledge about biological, behavioral, emotional, and social contributions to sleep health. This holistic approach explicitly acknowledges the inseparable overlap between health function, and sleep. Our findings will offer unprecedented insight into the bi- directional relationships between sleep and health in an understudied rural health disparity population. Results will inform strategies to reduce sleep disparities, thus having strong potential for public health impact.

睡眠不足（习惯睡眠时间≤6小时），是一个昂贵，普遍的公共卫生问题 有许多负面的健康结果。先前的研究表明，睡眠不足更为普遍 在健康差异人群中（例如，种族少数群体，社会经济地位低的成年人），但我们 了解农村人群中睡眠分布的机制和后果是有限的。这 目前的研究“研究肯塔基州社区（Rest-ky）的公平睡眠时间” 阿巴拉契亚成年人，NIH指定的健康差异人口，其严重的健康不平等包括 多种健康病态和过早死亡。六个县的集中度最高 全国睡眠不足在阿巴拉契亚中部肯塔基州（肯塔基州），成年人报告中有25-58％ 每月睡眠不足15多个晚上。这些县在经济上遭受严重困扰，但附近的县 由于经济困扰，粗糙度和人口统计学性并不是不足的“热点” 睡觉。使用混合方法，纵向设计将使我们能够评估有助于两者的机制 在这个粗糙的社区中，睡眠不足和健康。知识差距包括1）对特定的稀疏见解 个人，社会和社会水平的因素导致阿巴拉契亚成年人的睡眠不足。 2）不是 知道区域睡眠和健康差异是否具有相同的潜在机制； 3）关键点 尚未检查“热点”和非“热点”县之间的差异。我们将招募400个队列 来自6个睡眠“热点”县（n = 200）的成年人，阿巴拉契亚肯塔基州的6个县，也有6个同样的农村 经济困扰的非“热点”县。招聘将在“热点”和非“热点”上进行分层 与睡眠不足有关的关键人口因素（例如，年龄，性别，种族/种族）促进县的县以促进县 集群级比较。具体目标。 1。使用混合方法比较个人，社会和社会 与睡眠不足相关的因素不同，睡眠“热点”和非“热点”县不同。 2。 评估随着时间的流逝，驱动睡眠不足和健康结果的机制。双向睡眠模型 将检查健康结果。 3。量化日常睡眠反应性（即白天的程度 遇险会影响睡眠）并测试睡眠反应性的个体差异是否可以预测健康结果失去 随着时间的推移。性别和县集群的差异（“热点”与非“热点”）还将在AIM 2-3中进行检查。 我们的多个，复杂的目标和主观数据收集方法，使我们成为可能 跨学科团队的各种专业知识，将促进有关生物学，行为的科学知识 情感和社会对睡眠健康的贡献。这种整体方法明确承认 健康功能和睡眠之间不可分割的重叠。我们的发现将为双性恋提供前所未有的见解。 在理解的农村健康差异人群中，睡眠与健康之间的方向关系。结果 将为减少睡眠差异的策略提供信息，从而对公共卫生的影响有强大的潜力。