Combined exercise and cognitive training intervention in normal aging

运动与认知训练相结合干预正常衰老

• 批准号: 8131635
• 负责人: YAAKOV STERN
• 金额: $ 26.14万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8131635
• 关键词: Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Animals; Apoptosis; Attention; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Controlled Clinical Trials; Dementia; Development; Educational Intervention; Elderly; Environment; Epidemiology; Exercise; Failure; Fitness Centers; Flying body movement; Future; Goals; Helicopter; Home environment; Human; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Laboratories; Learning; Leisure Activities; Life; Logic; Maintenance; Measures; Monitor; Neuronal Plasticity; Occupational; Participant; Performance; Pilot Projects; Plague; Pre-Post Tests; Probability; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychological Transfer; Public Health; Randomized; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Video Games; angiogenesis; base; cognitive function; cognitive training; executive function; improved; improved functioning; neurogenesis; normal aging; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; skills; success; therapy design; three-arm study; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a pilot study to test a candidate intervention for age-related cognitive decline in healthy older individuals. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that cognitive training and physical exercise have positive effects on cognition and healthy elderly individuals. Evidence from animal studies indicate that enriched environment and aerobic exercise can induce changes that increase neural plasticity. We propose to test a combination of a cognitive intervention and aerobic exercise. There has been some success with previous cognitive interventions in elderly individuals, but effect sizes have been relatively small. We hypothesize that the effects of aerobic exercise on the brain can potentiate the benefit of our proposed cognitive intervention, resulting in larger effect sizes and previously seen in intervention studies. A common problem in cognitive intervention studies to date is the failure of the training to generalize to other tasks. Our proposed cognitive intervention uses emphasis change training in the context of the space fortress game, a complex and demanding video game that was specifically developed for research purposes. The emphasis change training approach has been shown to enhance attentional control and executive functions in younger individuals. Because normal aging is associated with declines in control processes and executive function, we hypothesize that enhancing these functions will result in generalized improvement across many tasks and day-to-day activities. Also, previous studies in both young and old individuals have found that the emphasis change training approach is associated with transfer of training to other tasks. Ninety elders will be randomized into three study arms: control, space fortress training alone, and space fortress training within the exercise. The formal intervention period, conducted in the laboratory and fitness center, will be three months, with pre- and post-testing. In order to test the feasibility of maintenance of treatment over long periods of time, participants completing this additional training period will continue their respective training program at home for one year. Compliance will be monitored and the efficacy of this long- term training will be assessed. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Evidence from animal and human studies strongly suggests that aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation have a beneficial effect on cognition, but intervention studies in healthy elders have not shown large improvements, and these improvements have not transferred to day-to-day activities. The goal of the proposed study is to evaluate the benefit of a combination of aerobic exercise and a cognitive intervention designed to enhance executive control processes. This combined intervention may provide enhanced benefits, and the targeted cognitive functions may enable generalization of training to many other tasks and activities. The possibility that this intervention may markedly improve day-to-day function in healthy elders has enormous potential significance for public health.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项试点研究，旨在测试针对健康老年人与年龄相关的认知能力下降的候选干预措施。流行病学证据表明，认知训练和体育锻炼对老年人的认知和健康有积极影响。动物研究的证据表明，丰富的环境和有氧运动可以诱发增加神经可塑性的变化。我们建议测试认知干预和有氧运动的结合。以前对老年人的认知干预取得了一些成功，但效果相对较小。我们假设有氧运动对大脑的影响可以增强我们提出的认知干预的益处，从而产生更大的效应大小，这在干预研究中已经见过。迄今为止，认知干预研究中的一个常见问题是训练未能推广到其他任务。我们提出的认知干预在太空堡垒游戏的背景下使用重点改变训练，这是一种专门为研究目的而开发的复杂且要求很高的视频游戏。重点改变训练方法已被证明可以增强年轻人的注意力控制和执行功能。由于正常衰老与控制过程和执行功能的下降有关，因此我们假设增强这些功能将导致许多任务和日常活动的普遍改善。此外，之前对年轻人和老年人的研究发现，重点改变训练方法与将训练转移到其他任务有关。九十名长者将被随机分为三个研究组：对照组、单独的太空堡垒训练以及演习中的太空堡垒训练。正式干预期将在实验室和健身中心进行，为期三个月，并进行事前和事后测试。为了测试长期维持治疗的可行性，完成这一额外培训期的参与者将在家继续各自的培训计划一年。将监督遵守情况并评估长期培训的效果。 公共卫生相关性：来自动物和人类研究的证据强烈表明，有氧运动和认知刺激对认知有有益影响，但对健康老年人的干预研究并未显示出较大的改善，而且这些改善尚未转化为日常活动。拟议研究的目标是评估有氧运动和旨在增强执行控制过程的认知干预相结合的益处。这种组合干预可以提供增强的益处，并且有针对性的认知功能可以使训练推广到许多其他任务和活动。这种干预措施可能显着改善健康老年人的日常功能，对公共卫生具有巨大的潜在意义。