Peer and Family Effects on Urban, African-American Children's Sleep

同伴和家庭对城市非裔美国儿童睡眠的影响

• 批准号: 8340090
• 负责人: James Spilsbury
• 金额: $ 24.7万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-21 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8340090
• 关键词: 12 year old; Adolescent; Adverse effects; Affect; African American; Age; American; Area; Biofeedback; Car Phone; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Color; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Devices; Disadvantaged; Economically Deprived Population; Electronics; Emotional; Environment; Family; Friends; Future; Goals; Health; Home environment; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Lead; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Parenting behavior; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Peer Pressure; Persons; Physical activity; Play; Population; Public Health; Reliance; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Shapes; Sleep; Social Desirability; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Social Identification; Societies; Structure; Support System; System; Technology; Telephone; Time; Work; Youth; actigraphy; base; caucasian American; family structure; health disparity; improved; innovation; model development; new technology; novel; peer; peer influence; sensor; social; social organization; tool; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health disparities are a major public health issue. Disparities in sleep quantity and quality occur among segments of the American population, with poorer sleep generally observed among economically disadvantaged persons of color throughout the life course. Such disparities are critically important because inadequate sleep leads to poorer health and cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. Our data from Cleveland, OH indicate that the age range of 11-12 years is a crucial period when substantial differences in sleep duration and timing emerge between African-American and White children. Based on our research and other investigations, the causes of this disparity likely involve a constellation of factors in the social environment. In order to identify specific social factors responsible, we propose to conduct a home-based, cross-sectional study of 56 urban African American children ages 11-12 years. The study will use actigraphy as well as a novel mobile phone-sensor technology to investigate the role of two social factors in the duration and timing of sleep in 11-12 year old African-American children: (1) the influence of child peers, and (2) the level of family organization/structure as reflected in the presence of sleep-related rules, daily routines, and parenting practices. The study's central hypothesis is that increased peer pressure and decreased level of family organization lead to delayed timing of sleep and decreased sleep duration. Moreover, both factors are hypothesized to influence sleep patterns by affecting family nighttime activity. Scientifically, the study is innovative because it targets early adolescents of disadvantaged African-American families, and involves simultaneous study of peer influence and family organization. Methodologically, the project is innovative because it uses the Wockets Physical Activity Measurement System, a novel mobile phone-sensor technology to collect more accurate, real-time data about nighttime activities and sleep environments, helping pinpoint specific factors and activities influencing sleep patterns. The study's potential impact is high. From a methodological standpoint, demonstrating that adolescents can effectively use the Wockets system supports its use as a tool to identify youth for interventions, collect data for future interventions, and provide tailored biofeedback to adolescents in future interventions to improve adolescent health and functioning. From a public health perspective, identifying social factors that influence sleep is imperative because these factors represent potential targets for interventions to improve sleep, avoid the negative consequences of insufficient, misaligned sleep, and, ultimately, help reduce health disparities in society. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: For reasons that are still unclear, the sleep of African Americans is generally worse than that of White Americans. This difference is important because poor sleep leads to poorer health. Using a new mobile phone- sensor technology, we will study how the sleep of urban 11-12 year-old African Americans is influenced by their peers and by family organization, and results will identify ways to help families to improve their adolescents' sleep.

描述（由申请人提供）：健康差异是一个主要的公共卫生问题。睡眠数量和质量的差异发生在美国人口的各个部分之间，在整个生活过程中，经济不利的有色人种在经济不利的有色人种之间通常观察到睡眠较差。这种差异至关重要，因为睡眠不足会导致健康和认知，情感和社会功能较差。我们来自俄亥俄州克利夫兰的数据表明，11-12岁的年龄范围是至关重要的时期，当时睡眠持续时间和非裔美国人和白人儿童之间的时间差异很大。根据我们的研究和其他调查，这种差异的原因可能涉及社会环境中的因素。为了确定负责的特定社会因素，我们建议对56名11-12岁的非裔美国人儿童进行家庭横断面研究。该研究将使用Actraphy以及一种新型的手机传播技术来研究两个社会因素在11-12岁的非裔美国人儿童的睡眠时间和睡眠时间中的作用：（1）儿童同伴的影响，以及（2） 在存在与睡眠有关的规则，日常工作和育儿实践的情况下所反映的家庭组织/结构水平。该研究的中心假设是，同伴压力增加和家庭组织水平降低会导致睡眠时间延迟和睡眠持续时间减少。此外，假设这两个因素都通过影响家庭夜间活动来影响睡眠模式。从科学上讲，这项研究具有创新性，因为它针对的是早期的青少年 处于弱势的非裔美国人家庭，并涉及对同伴影响力和家庭组织的同时研究。从方法上讲，该项目具有创新性，因为它使用了Wockets体育活动测量系统，这是一种新型的手机传感器技术，以收集有关夜间活动和睡眠环境的更准确，实时的数据，有助于确定影响睡眠模式的特定因素和活动。该研究的潜在影响很高。从方法论的角度来看，表明青少年可以有效地使用Wockets系统来支持其用作识别干预措施的青年，收集数据以进行未来干预措施的工具，并为未来的干预措施为青少年提供量身定制的生物反馈，以改善青少年健康和功能。从公共卫生的角度来看，确定影响睡眠的社会因素是必须的，因为这些因素代表了改善睡眠的潜在目标，避免了不足，睡眠不当的负面后果，并最终有助于减少社会健康差异。 公共卫生相关性：出于尚不清楚的原因，非裔美国人的睡眠通常比白人美国人差。这种差异很重要，因为睡眠不佳会导致健康状况不佳。使用新的手机传感器技术，我们将研究城市11-12岁的非洲裔美国人的睡眠如何受同行和家庭组织的影响，结果将确定帮助家庭改善青少年睡眠的方法。