Youth Drinking: The Effects of Alcohol Control Policies and Adult Drinking Patte

青少年饮酒：酒精控制政策和成人饮酒模式的影响

• 批准号: 8070991
• 负责人: Timothy Simonds Naimi
• 金额: $ 47.45万
• 依托单位: BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8070991
• 关键词: Adult; drinking; public policy on alcohol; underage drinking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Youth drinking is dangerous and leads to variety of health and social problems, including alcohol-related problems during adulthood. Alcohol control policies are designed to reduce excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. Because alcohol consumption by youths is widely perceived as an age-specific problem, most policy interventions target youthful drinkers primarily or exclusively. Such policy design may not be ideal, however, because youth learn drinking behaviors and obtain most alcoholic beverages from adults. Furthermore, some policies that target the general population also reduce youth drinking. Therefore, the notion that youth drinking is an age-specific phenomenon that should be addressed through youth-specific policies may result in inadequate efforts to reduce youth drinking. The long-term goal of this project is to understand the effects that alcohol control policies and adult drinking patterns have on youth drinking, and to determine whether stronger policy environments, including those targeting the general population, might reduce youth drinking. To accomplish this goal, we will test 3 hypotheses: that the presence of a strong policy environment is protective against youth drinking and adult drinking; that adult drinking patterns are strongly related to those of youth; and that a strong alcohol policy environment protects against youth drinking, even after accounting for the effects of youth-specific policies and adult drinking patterns. The specific aims are to: 1) determine the association between alcohol control policies, including those that are adult-oriented and youth-specific, and youth drinking behaviors; 2) to determine the association between adult drinking behaviors and youth drinking behaviors; 3) to determine the association between adult-oriented alcohol policies and adult drinking behaviors; and 4) to determine whether adult-oriented alcohol control policies protect against youth drinking, while assessing the effects of youth- specific policies and adult drinking patterns. To assess youth and adult drinking behaviors, we will use data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey to do longitudinal analyses using multilevel modeling. With the assistance of an expert panel, we will develop a novel statistical tool to describe policy strength by state and year using data from the Alcohol Policy Information System (APIS). The results from this study will have implications for policy- related efforts to prevent youth drinking. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Because alcohol consumption by youths is perceived as an age-specific problem, most policy interventions target youthful drinkers. Such policy design may not be ideal, however, because youth learn drinking behaviors and obtain alcoholic beverages from adults, and some policies that target the general population reduce youth drinking. The goal of this four-year proposal is to understand the effects that alcohol control policies and adult drinking patterns have on youth drinking, and to determine whether stronger policy environments, including those targeting the general population, might reduce youth drinking. To assess youth drinking behaviors, we will do longitudinal analyses using individual-level data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. With the assistance of an expert panel, we will develop a novel statistical tool to describe policy strength by state and year using data from the Alcohol Policy Information System (APIS). The results from this study will have implications for policy-related efforts to prevent youth drinking, and the use of APIS is a research priority by NIAAA.

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年饮酒是危险的，会导致各种健康和社会问题，包括成年期间与酒精相关的问题。酒精控制政策旨在减少过度饮酒和相关危害。由于青少年饮酒被广泛认为是一个特定年龄的问题，因此大多数政策干预措施主要或专门针对青少年饮酒者。然而，这种政策设计可能并不理想，因为青少年是从成年人那里学习饮酒行为并获得大部分酒精饮料的。此外，一些针对普通民众的政策也减少了青少年饮酒。因此，认为青少年饮酒是一种特定年龄现象，应通过针对青少年的政策来解决的观念可能会导致减少青少年饮酒的努力不足。该项目的长期目标是了解酒精控制政策和成人饮酒模式对青少年饮酒的影响，并确定更强有力的政策环境（包括针对普通人群的政策环境）是否可以减少青少年饮酒。为了实现这一目标，我们将检验 3 个假设：强有力的政策环境可以防止青少年饮酒和成人饮酒；成人的饮酒方式与青少年的饮酒方式密切相关；即使考虑到针对青少年的政策和成人饮酒模式的影响，强有力的酒精政策环境也能防止青少年饮酒。具体目标是： 1）确定酒精控制政策（包括面向成人和针对青少年的政策）与青少年饮酒行为之间的关联； 2）确定成人饮酒行为与青少年饮酒行为之间的关联； 3）确定面向成人的饮酒政策与成人饮酒行为之间的关联； 4) 确定面向成人的酒精控制政策是否可以防止青少年饮酒，同时评估针对青少年的政策和成人饮酒模式的影响。为了评估青少年和成人饮酒行为，我们将使用青少年风险行为调查和行为风险因素监测系统调查的数据，利用多层次模型进行纵向分析。在专家小组的协助下，我们将开发一种新颖的统计工具，利用酒精政策信息系统 (APIS) 的数据来描述州和年份的政策力度。这项研究的结果将对预防青少年饮酒的政策相关努力产生影响。 公共卫生相关性：由于青少年饮酒被认为是一个特定年龄的问题，因此大多数政策干预措施都针对青少年饮酒者。然而，这样的政策设计可能并不理想，因为青少年会从成年人那里学习饮酒行为并获得酒精饮料，而一些针对普通人群的政策会减少青少年饮酒。这项为期四年的提案的目标是了解酒精控制政策和成人饮酒模式对青少年饮酒的影响，并确定更强有力的政策环境（包括针对普通人群的政策环境）是否可以减少青少年饮酒。为了评估青少年的饮酒行为，我们将使用青少年风险行为调查的个人数据进行纵向分析。在专家小组的协助下，我们将开发一种新颖的统计工具，利用酒精政策信息系统 (APIS) 的数据来描述州和年份的政策力度。这项研究的结果将对预防青少年饮酒的政策相关工作产生影响，APIS 的使用是 NIAAA 的研究重点。