Examining differential effects of state equality-promoting policies on harmful alcohol use among sexual and gender minority adults in the U.S.: an econometrics approach for causal inference

检查州促进平等政策对美国性少数和性别少数成年人有害饮酒的不同影响：因果推断的计量经济学方法

• 批准号: 10752039
• 负责人: Caitlin Marie Turner
• 金额: $ 3.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752039
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Data; Disparity; Educational Status; Employment; Environment; Gender; Gender Role; General Population; Goals; Housing; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laws; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Libido; Link; Literature; Measures; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Names; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Policies; Population; Research; Research Personnel; Services; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Social Policies; Specific qualifier value; Strategic Planning; Variant; Woman; alcohol consequences; alcohol research; binge drinking; career; cisgender; disparity reduction; econometrics; evidence base; gender minority; gender minority group; gender minority health; gender minority health disparity; hate crimes; indexing; men; minority disparity; minority stress; mortality; public policy on alcohol; sex assigned at birth; sexual minority; sexual minority disparity; sexual minority men; sexual minority women; skills; social determinants; social stigma; training opportunity; transgender men; transgender women

ABSTRACT/SUMMARY Hazardous alcohol use and binge drinking, the deadliest form of excessive alcohol use1-3, are substantially more prevalent among sexual and gender minority adults compared to their cisgender straight counterparts4-11. Minority stress from structural stigma drives sexual and gender minority health disparities12-16, but its potential effect on binge drinking and hazardous alcohol use has yet to be rigorously examined. Structural stigma is potentially amenable to intervention by equality-promoting policies at the state level that explicitly name sexual and gender minority people as protected classes in employment, housing, public accommodations, and other essential services17. The extent to which changes in state equality-promoting policies relate to changes in binge drinking and hazardous alcohol use for sexual and gender minority adults compared to their cisgender straight counterparts is unknown and the focus of the proposed study. This study aims to evaluate differential effects of state equality-promoting policies (Aim 1) and key policy domains (Aim 2) on binge drinking and hazardous alcohol use among sexual and gender minority adults. Non- randomized variation in state equality-promoting policies necessitates the application of advanced econometrics methods. To rigorously estimate effects and make causal inferences, triple differences models and identifiability assumptions will be specified to analyze nationally representative data18 on over 72,000 sexual and gender minority adults linked with indices of state equality-promoting policies19 from 2014-2022. The landscape of equality-promoting policies for sexual and gender minority people is ever evolving. This study will offer a timely evidence base to inform needed structural interventions that reduce alcohol-related morbidity and mortality among sexual and gender minority populations. With support from a premier mentorship team, the applicant will build skills in (1) advanced econometrics methods for causal inference, (2) alcohol research and social determinants of harmful alcohol use, and (3) identification of relevant and actionable social policies that influence sexual and gender minority health. Achievement of these training goals will launch the applicant’s career as a successful, independent researcher.

摘要/总结 有害饮酒和酗酒（过量饮酒最致命的形式1-3）在很大程度上是 与顺性别同龄人相比，这种现象在性少数和性别少数成年人中更为普遍4-11。 结构性耻辱带来的少数群体压力导致性少数群体和性别少数群体的健康差异12-16，但其潜力 对酗酒和危险酒精使用的影响尚未得到严格研究。 结构性耻辱可能会受到国家层面促进平等政策的干预，这些政策 明确将性少数群体和性别少数群体列为就业、住房、公共场所等方面的受保护阶层 住宿和其他基本服务17. 国家促进平等的变化程度 有关性少数和性别少数成年人酗酒和有害酒精使用变化的政策 与他们的顺性别直字母相比，这些字母是未知的，也是拟议研究的重点。 本研究旨在评估国家促进平等政策（目标 1）和关键政策的差异效应 领域（目标 2）涉及性少数和性别少数成年人的酗酒和危险酒精使用。 国家促进平等政策的随机变化需要应用先进的方法 计量经济学方法，严格估计影响并做出因果推论，三重差异模型。 将指定可识别性假设来分析 72,000 多个具有全国代表性的数据18 性少数和性别少数成年人与 2014 年至 2022 年国家促进平等政策19指数的联系。 针对性少数群体的平等促进政策正在不断演变。 将提供及时的证据基础，为减少酒精相关发病率所需的结构性干预措施提供信息 在一流导师团队的支持下， 申请人将培养以下方面的技能：(1) 因果推理的高级计量经济学方法，(2) 酒精研究 和有害饮酒的社会决定因素，以及 (3) 确定相关且可行的社会政策 影响性和性别少数群体健康的培训目标的实现将启动 申请人作为一名成功的独立研究人员的职业生涯。