Predicting Long-Term Mobility Outcomes for Older Adults

预测老年人的长期出行结果

• 批准号: 8220739
• 负责人: KARLENE K BALL
• 金额: $ 35.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-15 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8220739
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Adverse event; Affect; Age; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; American; Area; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Benchmarking; Biological; Brain; Caring; Cherry - dietary; Cognitive; Collaborations; Collection; Competence; Computers; Control Groups; Data; Deterioration; Educational workshop; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Evaluation; Expenditure; Family; Foundations; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gerontology; Goals; Habits; Health; Health Expenditures; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status; Home environment; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Interview; Left; Licensing; Life; Longevity; Maryland; Measures; Medical; Memory; Mental Depression; Methods; Minority; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Motor Vehicles; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Phase; Physical Function; Pilot Projects; Policies; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Policy; Quality of life; Randomized; Reading; Recording of previous events; Records; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Safety; Sampling; Screening procedure; Self-Administered; Sensory; Site; Societies; Speed; System; Telephone Interviews; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Vehicle crash; Visuospatial; Voice; Waiting Lists; Work; age related; aged; aging population; base; cognitive function; cognitive training; demographics; depressive symptoms; design; experience; falls; functional disability; functional status; health care service utilization; health related quality of life; information processing; instrumental activity of daily living; mortality; neural circuit; next generation; older driver; operation; population based; processing speed; programs; public health relevance; remediation; social; statistics; tool; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In order to identify functional ability risk factors for adverse mobility outcomes among older drivers, a collaborative study was initiated in 1998 between the Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA), NHTSA, and the NIA-funded UAB Roybal Center for Research on Applied Gerontology. In this study, a large sample (N=2415) of older adults was evaluated with a brief battery of performance-based measures after completing license renewal at several MVA field sites. In addition, a sub-sample of these participants (N=1432) was followed for a period of up to ten years by telephone interview in order to monitor changes in their overall health and mobility. Through that study, a limited set of functional ability tests were found to be predictive of future crash involvement, and deemed useful by the Maryland MVA for further evaluation and potential implementation in the licensing process. In addition, these same variables were found to be predictive of general declines in mobility and loss of independence. The present research proposes 1) to continue to follow the 812 older adults remaining in the interview sample as they continue to age, 2) to establish a new, more representative, population-based sample of drivers (aged 70+) using the next generation of functional ability tests to determine whether earlier crash prediction relationships can be replicated, and 3) to evaluate a speed of processing cognitive training program in the context of the MVA as a means of facilitating and extending safe mobility. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Age-related changes in health, as well as physical, sensory, and cognitive function, frequently leave older persons more vulnerable to loss of mobility and increased risk of injuries due to falls or automobile crashes. The relationships between functional abilities and crash risk, demonstrated through this ongoing research project, have received wide attention as this and other societies struggle to develop new policies that balance the need for personal mobility and public safety in an aging population. Findings from the next phase of this study will have important implications for designing policies and programs to extend the safe mobility of older drivers, as well as evaluating the impact of enhancing cognitive function on a variety of other outcomes important to sustaining mobility, health, independence, and a satisfying quality of life.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了确定老年驾驶员不良行动能力结果的功能能力风险因素，马里兰州机动车辆管理局 (MVA)、NHTSA 和 NIA 资助的 UAB Roybal 中心于 1998 年发起了一项合作研究应用老年学研究。在这项研究中，在几个 MVA 现场完成许可证更新后，对大量老年人样本 (N=2415) 进行了一系列基于绩效的简短评估。此外，我们还通过电话采访对这些参与者的子样本（N=1432）进行了长达十年的跟踪，以监测他们整体健康状况和行动能力的变化。通过该研究，发现一组有限的功能测试可以预测未来的碰撞事故，马里兰州 MVA 认为这对于进一步评估和在许可过程中的潜在实施很有用。此外，这些相同的变量被发现可以预测流动性普遍下降和独立性的丧失。本研究建议 1) 继续跟踪访谈样本中剩余的 812 名老年人，因为他们的年龄仍在增长，2) 利用下一代建立一个新的、更具代表性的、基于人口的司机样本（70 岁以上）功能能力测试以确定是否可以复制早期碰撞预测关系，以及 3) 评估在 MVA 背景下处理认知训练计划的速度，作为促进和扩展安全移动的手段。 公共卫生相关性：与年龄相关的健康以及身体、感觉和认知功能的变化常常使老年人更容易丧失行动能力，并增加因跌倒或车祸而受伤的风险。通过这个正在进行的研究项目证明的功能能力和碰撞风险之间的关系受到了广泛的关注，因为这个社会和其他社会正在努力制定新的政策来平衡人口老龄化中个人流动性和公共安全的需求。这项研究下一阶段的结果将对设计扩大老年驾驶员安全出行的政策和计划产生重要影响，并评估增强认知功能对维持出行能力、健康和独立性重要的各种其他结果的影响，以及令人满意的生活质量。