Improving Parent/Adolescent Communication about Tobacco

改善家长/青少年关于烟草的沟通

• 批准号: 7934926
• 负责人: E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7934926
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Accounting; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Affect; Applications Grants; Attitude; Award; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Belief; Caring; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Communication; Control Groups; Counseling; Development Plans; Economically Deprived Population; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emergency Medicine; Emergency Situation; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Family; Funding; Future; Gender; Goals; Health; Health Personnel; Health Services Accessibility; Health behavior; Hour; Housing; Image; Intention; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Parents; Patients; Perception; Physicians; Planning Theory; Pre-Post Tests; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Primary Health Care; Principal Investigator; Quantitative Evaluations; Race; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Self Efficacy; Services; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Status; Specific qualifier value; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Target Populations; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco use; Videotape; Writing; addiction; adolescent smoking; aged; base; career development; dalton; design; evaluation/testing; experience; group intervention; high risk; improved; inner city; innovation; interest; intervention effect; low socioeconomic status; medical specialties; meetings; parental influence; peer; prevent; programs; social; success; theories; therapy design; tobacco prevention; willingness

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Inner-city children of low socioeconomic status are at high risk for initiating tobacco use during adolescence and continuing its use throughout adulthood. The high utilization of acute-care services for non-emergent health problems by adolescents suggests that the emergency department (ED) offers a promising and innovative setting for the prevention of tobacco use. Furthermore, because adolescent patients seeking urgent care typically are accompanied by parents, an intervention delivered in the ED can reach child and parent simultaneously. The rationale for coincident child/parent intervention derives from the strong association of adolescent smoking with perceived parental leniency toward smoking. The K23 award will provide the time, resources, and mentorship for the Candidate to integrate her research interest in tobacco prevention with her clinical experience in emergency medicine. Her long-term goal is to develop tailored interventions that will help parents prevent tobacco initiation and use by their adolescent children. The research plan proposed for the Award period centers on the pilot testing, revision, implementation, and evaluation of a tobacco prevention strategy entitled Improving Parent/Adolescent Communication about Tobacco (IMPACT). The strategy was developed by the research team and is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The intervention consists of: culturally appropriate verbal and written messages about tobacco use that can be conveyed by parents to their adolescent children aged 11-14 years; a videotape that models effective parent-adolescent discussion of these messages, and; a survey instrument to test the effectiveness of the intervention. Focused interviews, quantitative evaluation, and expert review of IMPACT will result in revision of the materials, followed by evaluation of the effects of IMPACT using a six-month longitudinal, randomized design. The proposed research seeks to explore the effect of IMPACT on validated measures of adolescent intention and willingness to smoke, as well as potential mediators and moderators of the effect. Hypothesized mediators include adolescent knowledge of tobacco risk; adolescent perceptions of parental attitudes, social acceptance, and prevalence of tobacco use; and the self-efficacy of adolescents to avoid, and parents to prevent, use. Hypothesized moderators include adolescent race/ethnicity, adolescent gender, and parent smoking behavior. The career development plan proposed for the Award period incorporates coursework in advanced qualitative and quantitative methods, health behavior theory, adolescent addiction, as well as field observation of existing tobacco prevention programs. By the end of the Award period, the Candidate expects to submit an R01 grant application for a longitudinal study designed to assess the effect of IMPACT on adolescent experimentation, initiation, and ongoing use of tobacco.

描述（由申请人提供）：社会经济地位较低的市中心儿童在青春期开始使用烟草并在整个成年期继续使用烟草的风险很高。青少年对非紧急健康问题的急症护理服务的利用率很高，这表明急诊科 (ED) 为预防烟草使用提供了一个有前景的创新环境。此外，由于寻求紧急护理的青少年患者通常由父母陪同，因此急诊室提供的干预措施可以同时到达儿童和父母。儿童/家长同时干预的基本原理源于青少年吸烟与父母对吸烟的宽大态度之间的密切联系。 K23 奖将为候选人提供时间、资源和指导，将她在烟草预防方面的研究兴趣与她在急诊医学方面的临床经验结合起来。她的长期目标是制定量身定制的干预措施，帮助父母防止青春期的孩子开始吸烟和使用烟草。为奖励期提出的研究计划集中于题为“改善家长/青少年关于烟草的沟通”(IMPACT) 的烟草预防策略的试点测试、修订、实施和评估。该策略由研究团队开发，基于计划行为理论。干预措施包括： 家长可以向 11-14 岁的青少年儿童传达有关烟草使用的文化上适当的口头和书面信息；模拟父母与青少年对这些信息进行有效讨论的录像带，以及；测试干预有效性的调查工具。对 IMPACT 的集中访谈、定量评估和专家评审将导致对材料的修订，然后使用为期六个月的纵向随机设计评估 IMPACT 的效果。拟议的研究旨在探讨 IMPACT 对青少年吸烟意图和吸烟意愿的有效测量的影响，以及该影响的潜在中介因素和调节因素。假设的中介因素包括青少年对烟草风险的了解；青少年对父母态度、社会接受度和吸烟流行率的看法；青少年的自我效能感要避免，父母要预防、使用。假设的调节因素包括青少年种族/民族、青少年性别和父母吸烟行为。为奖励期提出的职业发展计划包括先进的定性和定量方法、健康行为理论、青少年成瘾以及现有烟草预防计划的现场观察等课程。在奖励期结束时，候选人预计提交 R01 拨款申请，用于一项纵向研究，旨在评估 IMPACT 对青少年尝试、开始和持续使用烟草的影响。