Expanding the Utility of Social Network Analysis for Multilevel Health Outcomes

扩大社交网络分析在多层次健康结果中的效用

• 批准号: 8264163
• 负责人: Brenda McCowan
• 金额: $ 61.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8264163
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Attitude; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; C-reactive protein; Categories; Characteristics; Cognitive; Communities; Computing Methodologies; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Set; Demographic Factors; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Excision; Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Goals; Graph; Health; Heterogeneity; Human; Hydration status; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Linear Models; Link; Literature; Macaca mulatta; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Metric; Modeling; Monkeys; Monoamine Oxidase A; Nature; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Personality; Personality Assessment; Personality Traits; Physiological; Recording of previous events; Research; Rhadinovirus; Sampling; Shapes; Social Network; Societies; Statistical Models; Stress; Structure; Techniques; Temperament; Testing; Trauma; Uncertainty; Variant; Virus Shedding; Weight; analog; behavior measurement; behavior observation; biobehavior; demographics; design; family structure; human data; improved; indexing; innovation; nonhuman primate; prevent; social; social group; stressor; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Social network theory has the potential to improve our understanding and treatment of human health issues on multiple levels, but we currently lack the basic information on how the spatial and mathematical relations of networks relate to the content and quality of relationships and how such variation influences health outcomes. We propose to determine, using a nonhuman primate, how internal (e.g., personality and temperament, genetic predispositions) and external factors (e.g., environmental and social stressors) in multiple individuals interact to affect network structure and dynamics and how these, in turn, influence health outcomes in social communities. We believe a nonhuman primate model offers several advantages to the advancement of social network theory with regard to human health because monkeys provide a cognitive and social analog for humans, data can be collected by direct observation of multiple communities (providing statistical replication), and the genetic and social history of all individuals is fully known.)We have four specific aims: (1) advance theory and methodologies assessing the network dynamics and robustness at multiple levels pertinent to the health context, (2) characterize how internal and external factors acting on individuals collectively influence network structure and robustness, (3) quantify the influence of network structure and robustness on metrics of stress as health outcomes and (4) assess the effects of experimental perturbation of network composition on network structure and robustness and health outcomes. Three main categories of data will be collected: (1) behavioral observation of affiliative and aggressive interactions, (2) assessment of individual internal factors including biobehavioral assessment of personality/ temperament and genotyping of the 5-HTTPLR and MAO-A genes, and (3) behavioral, physical and physiological measurement of health outcomes, including Rhadinovirus shedding, C-reactive protein levels, attitude, hydration, body condition, and trauma. Each of eight social groups will be observed 78 weeks across two years. Observers will record affiliate, aggressive, and submissive interactions among individuals using an event sampling design. Personality/temperament will be assessed by rating each animal on a list of 50 personality traits. Several health outcomes will be measured daily and during routine roundups. Behavioral data will be used to construct various social networks whose structure, dynamics, and robustness will be measured, and subsequently analyzed with respect to internal factors, health outcomes, and behavioral measures using multi-level generalized linear models.) PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will advance the current understanding of social network structure and dynamics and develop new network measures and techniques to further understand how social network theory can be successfully applied to the understanding of health outcomes, and ultimately to the improvement of human health.

描述（由申请人提供）：社交网络理论有潜力在多个层面上提高我们对人类健康问题的理解和治疗，但我们目前缺乏关于网络的空间和数学关系如何与网络的内容和质量相关的基本信息。关系以及这种变化如何影响健康结果。我们建议使用非人类灵长类动物来确定多个个体的内部因素（例如性格和气质、遗传倾向）和外部因素（例如环境和社会压力源）如何相互作用以影响网络结构和动态，以及这些因素如何反过来影响网络结构和动态。影响社会社区的健康结果。我们相信，非人类灵长类动物模型为人类健康方面的社交网络理论的发展提供了多种优势，因为猴子为人类提供了认知和社交类比，可以通过直接观察多个社区（提供统计复制）来收集数据，并且所有个体的遗传和社会历史都是完全已知的。）我们有四个具体目标：（1）先进的理论和方法，评估与健康背景相关的多个层面的网络动态和鲁棒性，（2）描述内部和外部因素如何发挥作用对个人集体影响网络结构和鲁棒性，(3) 量化网络结构和稳健性对作为健康结果的压力指标的影响，以及（4）评估网络组成的实验扰动对网络结构和稳健性以及健康结果的影响。将收集三类主要数据：（1）亲和和攻击性互动的行为观察，（2）评估 个人内部因素，包括个性/气质的生物行为评估以及 5-HTTPLR 和 MAO-A 基因的基因分型，以及 (3) 健康结果的行为、身体和生理测量，包括鼻病毒脱落、C 反应蛋白水平、态度、水合作用、身体状况和外伤。八个社会群体中的每一个都将在两年内被观察 78 周。观察者将使用事件抽样设计记录个体之间的附属、攻击性和顺从性互动。性格/气质将通过对 50 种性格特征列表中的每只动物进行评级来评估。每天和例行综述期间将测量一些健康结果。行为数据将用于构建各种社交网络，其结构、动态和鲁棒性将被测量，并随后使用多级广义线性模型对内部因素、健康结果和行为测量进行分析。） 公共卫生相关性：本研究将增进当前对社交网络结构和动态的理解，并开发新的网络措施和技术，以进一步了解社交网络理论如何成功应用于对健康结果的理解，并最终改善人类健康。