Expanding the Utility of Social Network Analysis for Multilevel Health Outcomes

扩大社交网络分析在多层次健康结果中的效用

• 批准号: 8264163
• 负责人: Brenda McCowan
• 金额: $ 61.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8264163
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Attitude; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; C-reactive protein; Categories; Characteristics; Cognitive; Communities; Computing Methodologies; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Set; Demographic Factors; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Excision; Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Goals; Graph; Health; Heterogeneity; Human; Hydration status; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Linear Models; Link; Literature; Macaca mulatta; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Metric; Modeling; Monkeys; Monoamine Oxidase A; Nature; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Personality; Personality Assessment; Personality Traits; Physiological; Recording of previous events; Research; Rhadinovirus; Sampling; Shapes; Social Network; Societies; Statistical Models; Stress; Structure; Techniques; Temperament; Testing; Trauma; Uncertainty; Variant; Virus Shedding; Weight; analog; behavior measurement; behavior observation; biobehavior; demographics; design; family structure; human data; improved; indexing; innovation; nonhuman primate; prevent; social; social group; stressor; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Social network theory has the potential to improve our understanding and treatment of human health issues on multiple levels, but we currently lack the basic information on how the spatial and mathematical relations of networks relate to the content and quality of relationships and how such variation influences health outcomes. We propose to determine, using a nonhuman primate, how internal (e.g., personality and temperament, genetic predispositions) and external factors (e.g., environmental and social stressors) in multiple individuals interact to affect network structure and dynamics and how these, in turn, influence health outcomes in social communities. We believe a nonhuman primate model offers several advantages to the advancement of social network theory with regard to human health because monkeys provide a cognitive and social analog for humans, data can be collected by direct observation of multiple communities (providing statistical replication), and the genetic and social history of all individuals is fully known.)We have four specific aims: (1) advance theory and methodologies assessing the network dynamics and robustness at multiple levels pertinent to the health context, (2) characterize how internal and external factors acting on individuals collectively influence network structure and robustness, (3) quantify the influence of network structure and robustness on metrics of stress as health outcomes and (4) assess the effects of experimental perturbation of network composition on network structure and robustness and health outcomes. Three main categories of data will be collected: (1) behavioral observation of affiliative and aggressive interactions, (2) assessment of individual internal factors including biobehavioral assessment of personality/ temperament and genotyping of the 5-HTTPLR and MAO-A genes, and (3) behavioral, physical and physiological measurement of health outcomes, including Rhadinovirus shedding, C-reactive protein levels, attitude, hydration, body condition, and trauma. Each of eight social groups will be observed 78 weeks across two years. Observers will record affiliate, aggressive, and submissive interactions among individuals using an event sampling design. Personality/temperament will be assessed by rating each animal on a list of 50 personality traits. Several health outcomes will be measured daily and during routine roundups. Behavioral data will be used to construct various social networks whose structure, dynamics, and robustness will be measured, and subsequently analyzed with respect to internal factors, health outcomes, and behavioral measures using multi-level generalized linear models.) PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will advance the current understanding of social network structure and dynamics and develop new network measures and techniques to further understand how social network theory can be successfully applied to the understanding of health outcomes, and ultimately to the improvement of human health.

描述（由申请人提供）：社交网络理论有可能在多个层面上提高我们对人类健康问题的理解和治疗，但是我们目前缺乏有关网络的空间和数学关系如何与人际关系的内容和质量相关的基本信息，以及这种变异如何影响健康结果。我们建议，使用非人类灵长类动物来确定多个人的内部（例如人格和气质，遗传易感性）和外部因素（例如，环境和社会压力源）如何相互作用，以影响网络结构和动态，以及这些因素如何影响社会社区的健康状况。我们认为，非人类灵长类动物模型为社交网络理论在人类健康方面的发展提供了几个优势，因为猴子为人类提供了一种认知和社交类似物，可以通过直接观察多个社区（提供统计复制）（提供统计复制）（提供统计复制）（提供统计复制），以及所有个人的遗传和社会历史的遗传和社会历史。健康环境，（2）表征内部和外部因素如何统治网络结构和鲁棒性，（3） 量化网络结构和鲁棒性对压力指标作为健康结果的影响，以及（4）评估网络组成的实验性扰动对网络结构以及鲁棒性和健康结果的影响。将收集三个主要数据类别：（1）隶属和积极互动的行为观察，（2）评估 个体内部因素，包括对5-HTTPLR和MAO-A基因的人格/气质和基因分型的生物行为评估，以及（3）对健康结果的行为，物理和生理测量，包括鼻chino虫脱落，C-反应性蛋白质水平，态度，水平，水分，身体状况和创伤。在两年中，将观察到八个社会群体中的每一个。观察者将使用事件抽样设计记录个人之间的会员，积极和顺从的互动。人格/气质将通过在50个人格特征的列表中对每只动物进行评分来评估。每天和常规综述中将测量几个健康结果。行为数据将用于构建各种社交网络，其结构，动态和鲁棒性将被测量，并随后使用多级通用线性模型对内部因素，健康结果和行为度量进行分析。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究将提高人们对社交网络结构和动态的当前理解，并开发新的网络措施和技术，以进一步了解如何成功地应用社交网络理论，并最终应用于对人类健康的改善。