Biomechanics of the Semicircular Canals

半规管的生物力学

• 批准号: 8212302
• 负责人: RICHARD D RABBITT
• 金额: $ 33.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-15 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8212302
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accounting; Affect; Afferent Neurons; Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; Biomechanics; Brain; Calcium Carbonate; Chelating Agents; Cilia; Clinical; Cochlea; Code; Data; Dependence; Diagnosis; Diagnostic Procedure; Disease; Duct (organ) structure; Elderly; Endolymph; Endolymphatic duct; Esthesia; Experimental Models; Force of Gravity; Frequencies; Funding; Goals; Hair; Hair Cells; Head; Head Movements; Health; Human; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Liquid substance; Location; Measures; Mechanics; Mediating; Modeling; Motion; Movement; Outer Hair Cells; Patients; Phase; Physicians; Physiological; Population; Process; Role; Rotation; Semicircular canal structure; Sensory; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Swelling; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Visit; Work; attenuation; cell motility; computerized data processing; design; electric field; electric impedance; feeding; improved; in vivo; neuronal cell body; particle; rat Pres protein; relating to nervous system; research study; response; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The present work seeks to advance quantitative understanding of semicircular canal biomechanics under both physiological and pathological conditions with the goals of 1) improving the assessment and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), 2) quantifying the micromechanical substrates of angular motion sensation and 3) providing a new understanding of the role of active hair- bundle motility in sensory transduction by the semicircular canals. First, results will detail pathological biomechanical and neural inputs to the brain under conditions of experimentally induced canalithiasis (canalolithiasis). Experiments will focus on amplification that may occur as particles move from the ampulla to the canal duct and the attenuation that may occur as small particles move from the center of the duct to the canal wall. Second, experimental results will determine micromechanical contributions underlying the neural representation of angular head movements and the diverse neural code transmitted from the semicircular canals to the brain. Third, the data will determine the role of active hair cell/bundle motility in the sensitivity and selectivity of angular motion sensation. The action of the efferent vestibular system and, separately, electrical polarization of the endolymph on hair-cell and micromechanical responses will also be determined. Results are expected to have immediate relevance to health and the human condition through the assessment and treatment of classical and non-classical BPPV as well as long term significance enhancing basic understanding of semicircular canal micromechanics, hair-cell active processes in transduction and efferent control of motion sensation by the brain. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Disorders of the vestibular system are debilitating and common, afflicting approximately 30% of the population over the age of 65 and accounting for over 5 million patient visits to the physician each year in the U.S. alone [22, 23]. The present application is directly relevant to the biomechanical substrates and pathological afferent neural responses associated with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and conditions affecting cupular mechanics, hair-bundle mechanics and hair-cell mechano- electrical transduction (MET). Results are expected to lead to a more complete quantitative description of how canalithiasis alters afferent inputs to the brain, and to improved diagnostic procedures and therapeutic approaches for canalithiasis. In the longer term, knowledge to be gained regarding micromechanical substrates of adaptation and the role of hair bundle motility will contribute to our fundamental understanding of how the neural code is generated in health and how it is altered in disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：本工作旨在促进对生理和病理条件下半规管生物力学的定量理解，目标是 1) 改进良性阵发性位置性眩晕 (BPPV) 的评估和治疗，2) 量化微力学角运动感觉的基础，3）提供了对主动毛束运动在半规管感觉转导中的作用的新理解。首先，结果将详细说明在实验诱导的管石症（canalolithiasis）条件下对大脑的病理生物力学和神经输入。实验将重点关注当颗粒从壶腹移动到耳管时可能发生的放大，以及当小颗粒从管道中心移动到耳管壁时可能发生的衰减。其次，实验结果将确定头部角度运动的神经表征以及从半规管传输到大脑的不同神经代码背后的微机械贡献。第三，数据将确定活跃毛细胞/毛束运动在角运动感觉的敏感性和选择性中的作用。传出前庭系统的作用以及内淋巴的电极化对毛细胞和微机械反应的作用也将被确定。通过经典和非经典 BPPV 的评估和治疗，预计结果将与健康和人类状况产生直接相关性，并具有长期意义，增强对半规管微观力学、毛细胞转导和传出控制中的活动过程的基本理解。大脑的运动感觉。公共卫生相关性：前庭系统疾病使人衰弱且常见，约 30% 的 65 岁以上人口受到影响，仅在美国每年就有超过 500 万患者就诊 [22, 23]。本申请与与良性阵发性位置性眩晕和影响杯状力学、毛束力学和毛细胞机电转导(MET)的病症相关的生物力学基础和病理传入神经反应直接相关。预计结果将导致对管道结石如何改变大脑传入输入进行更完整的定量描述，并改进管道结石的诊断程序和治疗方法。从长远来看，获得关于适应的微机械基础和发束运动的作用的知识将有助于我们对神经代码在健康中如何产生以及在疾病中如何改变的基本理解。