Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation in China and South Korea: The ITC Asia Project

中国和韩国的烟草控制政策评估：ITC 亚洲项目

• 批准号: 7496962
• 负责人: GEOFFREY T FONG
• 金额: $ 55.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-17 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7496962
• 关键词: Adult; Advertising; Affect; Age; Asia; Asians; Attitude; Australia; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Belief; Canada; Characteristics; China; Chinese People; Cigarette; Cities; Cohort Studies; Country; Descriptor; Digit structure; Distal; Effectiveness; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Evaluation; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Family member; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gender; Health; Health Benefit; Health Policy; Individual; Individual Differences; Institutes; International; Ireland; Korea; Label; Laws; Lead; Light; Malaysia; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Natural experiment; Nicotine; Numbers; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Phase; Physical Chemistry; Policies; Price; Protocols documentation; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Range; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking History; Socioeconomic Status; South Korea; Surveys; Taxation; Taxes; Telephone; Testing; Thailand; Thinking; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Transdisciplinary Tobacco Research Center; Treaty; United Kingdom; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; base; cohort; design; discount; non-smoker; peer; programs; prospective; psychosocial; public policy on tobacco; repository; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; tobacco advertising; tobacco control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad objective of this project is to evaluate and understand the psychosocial and behavioral effects of national-level tobacco control policies of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the first- ever international treaty on health. In an expansion of over 40 tobacco control experts across 9 countries, we will conduct parallel cohort surveys of adult smokers in two Asian countries that are prominent in the domain of tobacco use: China and South Korea. In a prospective cohort design, the participants in China will be 800 adult smokers and 200 adult non-smokers in each in each of 7 cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Zhengzhou, Changsha, Yinchuan, and Changsha) who will complete a 30-40 minute face-to-face survey every year for 6 years (2006-2011). The participants in South Korea will be 2000 adult smokers who will complete a 40-minute random digit dialed phone survey every year for 6 years (2005-2011). We are requesting partial funding from NIH to continue each survey for Years 2-6. The sampling design, research protocol and survey instrument are identical or as similar as possible to those of the existing ITC survey in the US, UK, Canada, Australia, Ireland, Thailand, and Malaysia, and includes measures of smoking behavior, psychosocial predictors of smoking and quitting, and policy-relevant variables in 5 major policy domains, covering all of the demand reduction policies of the FCTC (1) enhancement of warning labels, (2) elimination of deceptive brand descriptors (e.g., light or mild) (3) elimination/ restrictions on tobacco advertising and promotion, (4) tax increases, (5) smoke-free laws. The quasi-experimental design includes both between-country controls and within-country controls and will thus allow rigorous tests of national-level policies that here-to-fore have not been systematically evaluated in Asia. We will identify similarities in FCTC policy impact and in the factors that relate to smoking and cessation across the 4 ITC Asian countries (including ongoing cohort surveys in Thailand and Malaysia), and across all ITC countries more generally. The ITC project, whose core funding comes from the Roswell Park TTURC, is the first-ever international cohort study of smoking, and the most substantial research project to evaluate the effectiveness of FCTC policies. The ITC project is now conducting parallel prospective cohort surveys of representative samples of smokers in countries inhabited by 45% of the world's smokers. The proposed project also requests funds to add to the ITC Product Repository, the first ever international repository of cigarettes from which analyses of smoke chemistries physical characteristics, and bio-markers studies are being conducted in an international context, and to conduct a parallel cohort study of bio-markers among 120 Chinese smokers in four cities, with replication 2 years later. The ultimate mission of the proposed project is to provide the evidence base for the FCTC policies as the critical ratification and implementation phases of the FCTC continue to unfold and to understand the mechanisms underlying the impact of public health policies.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的总体目标是评估和了解第一个国际健康条约《烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）的国家级烟草控制政策的心理社会和行为影响。我们将扩大 9 个国家 40 多名烟草控制专家的规模，对中国和韩国这两个烟草使用领域突出的亚洲国家的成年吸烟者进行平行队列调查。在一项前瞻性队列设计中，中国的参与者将包括 7 个城市（北京、上海、广州、郑州、长沙、银川和长沙）各 800 名成年吸烟者和 200 名成年非吸烟者，他们将完成为期 30 个月的研究。每年进行 40 分钟的面对面调查，持续 6 年（2006-2011）。韩国的参与者将是 2000 名成年吸烟者，他们将在 6 年（2005-2011 年）内每年完成一次 40 分钟的随机数字拨打电话调查。我们请求 NIH 提供部分资金，以继续第 2-6 年的每项调查。抽样设计、研究方案和调查工具与美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、泰国和马来西亚现有的 ITC 调查相同或尽可能相似，包括吸烟行为的测量、吸烟行为的心理社会预测因素。吸烟和戒烟，以及 5 个主要政策领域的政策相关变量，涵盖《烟草控制框架公约》的所有减少需求政策 (1) 加强警告标签，(2) 消除欺骗性品牌描述符（例如淡味或淡味）(3 ) 消除/限制烟草广告和促销，(4) 增税，(5) 无烟法。准实验性设计包括国家间控制和国家内部控制，因此将允许对迄今为止在亚洲尚未进行系统评估的国家级政策进行严格测试。我们将确定 4 个 ITC 亚洲国家（包括泰国和马来西亚正在进行的队列调查）以及所有 ITC 国家在《烟草控制框架公约》政策影响以及与吸烟和戒烟相关的因素方面的相似之处。 ITC 项目的核心资金来自罗斯威尔公园 TTURC，是有史以来第一个关于吸烟的国际队列研究，也是评估 FCTC 政策有效性的最实质性的研究项目。 ITC 项目目前正在对占全球吸烟者总数 45% 的国家的吸烟者代表性样本进行平行前瞻性队列调查。拟议的项目还请求资金添加到 ITC 产品存储库，这是有史以来第一个国际卷烟存储库，正在国际范围内进行烟雾化学物理特性分析和生物标志物研究，并进行平行队列研究对四个城市 120 名中国吸烟者的生物标志物进行了研究，并在 2 年后进行了复制。拟议项目的最终任务是随着《烟草控制框架公约》关键批准和实施阶段的不断展开，为《烟草控制框架公约》政策提供证据基础，并了解公共卫生政策影响的潜在机制。