Communicating Genetic Information for Obesity

传达肥胖的遗传信息

• 批准号: 8207954
• 负责人: Catharine Wang
• 金额: $ 20.28万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-24 至 2014-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8207954
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Body Weight decreased; Clinical; Communication; Data; Data Sources; Diet; Disease; Feedback; Future; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Risk; Genetic screening method; Genome; Genomics; Genotype; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Lead; Life Style; Light; Medicine; Modeling; Motivation; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Personal Communication; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Prevention; Public Health; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Risk; Source; Surveys; Television; Testing; Translations; United States; Waiting Lists; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Work; behavior change; behavior influence; behavioral health; clinical decision-making; design; efficacy testing; evidence base; follow-up; improved; innovation; obesity risk; population health; psychologic; psychosocial; public health relevance; randomized trial; research study; response; risk perception; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity rates in the United States have escalated in recent decades and present a growing challenge in public health prevention efforts. Advances in genomics have begun to shed light on the genetic contributions to obesity. At present, it is unknown whether information about one's personal genetic predisposition to obesity will add value to traditional risk communication efforts and increase the likelihood that individuals will engage in health behaviors to reduce obesity risk. The clinical utility and impact of this information on psychological, behavioral, and health outcomes have yet to be determined. Research is critically needed to identify the best practices for providing genetic information to individuals regarding their risk for obesity, which may serve as a model for understanding the behavioral responses to SNP testing for common diseases. The proposed study will examine the impact of providing genetic risk information for obesity on people's attitudes and beliefs about obesity, health behaviors and weight outcomes. We will conduct a randomized controlled feasibility trial to examine the short-term impact of risk feedback for obesity, using a 2x2 factorial design. The two factors will be genetic risk feedback (no/yes) and lifestyle risk feedback (no/yes), resulting in four conditions: 1) neither genetic or lifestyle risk feedback (wait-list control), 2) genetic risk feedback only, 3) lifestyle risk feedback only, and 4) both genetic and lifestyle risk feedback combined. The specific aims of the study are to: 1) examine the effects of providing innovative genetic risk feedback, alone or in combination with lifestyle risk feedback, on participants' behavioral intentions, health behaviors (physical activity, diet, television viewing), and weight outcomes, and 2) determine the extent to which the effects of genetic and/or lifestyle risk feedback vary as a function of risk status (elevated versus non-elevated). We will also examine the mechanisms by which genetic and/or lifestyle risk information may influence lifestyle behaviors, guided by self-regulation theory. This study will be the first to obtain pilot data on the short-term (mechanism-focused) impact of providing obesity genotype feedback on actual behavioral outcomes among both overweight and non-overweight individuals. Because this is a pilot study, data will be used to develop effect sizes and variance estimates to be used in planning a larger randomized trial. We will determine the "value added" of genetic information when combined with lifestyle risk feedback, and whether it enhances motivation to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors. Moreover, we will also determine whether providing "low risk" genetic feedback has any adverse effects (e.g., false reassurance). Finally, this study is uniquely situated to provide important data on how individuals interpret different sources of risk information and how they arrive at an overall perception of risk for a condition. Taken altogether, study findings will be used to serve as an overall model for future intervention efforts to effectively communicate genetic risk information with the goal of improving weight management and overall population health. 1 PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Although genetic testing for obesity is widely available to the public through direct-to-consumer companies, little is known about the impact of this information on people's attitudes towards obesity, health behaviors, and weight outcomes. This study will examine the feasibility of using obesity-related genetic information to motivate individuals to reduce their risk for obesity. Study findings will serve as an overall model for future intervention efforts to effectively communicate genetic risk information with the goal of improving weight management and overall population health.

描述（由申请人提供）：近几十年来，美国的肥胖率升级，并提出了预防公共卫生的挑战。基因组学的进步已经开始阐明对肥胖的遗传贡献。目前，尚不清楚有关肥胖个人遗传倾向的信息是否会增加传统风险交流工作的价值，并增加个人从事健康行为以减少肥胖风险的可能性。尚未确定这些信息对心理，行为和健康结果的临床实用性和影响。需要进行研究，以确定向个人提供有关其肥胖风险的遗传信息的最佳实践，这可能是理解对常见疾病SNP测试的行为反应的模型。拟议的研究将研究为肥胖提供遗传风险信息对人们对肥胖，健康行为和体重成果的态度和信念的影响。我们将使用2x2阶乘设计进行一项随机对照可行性试验，以检查风险反馈对肥胖症的短期影响。这两个因素将是遗传风险反馈（否/是）和生活方式风险反馈（否/YES），导致四个条件：1）既不是遗传或生活方式的风险反馈（候补名单控制），2）仅遗传风险反馈，3）生活方式风险反馈，而4）仅遗传和生活方式的风险反馈。该研究的具体目的是：1）检查提供创新的遗传风险反馈，单独或与生活方式风险反馈相结合，对参与者的行为意图，健康行为（体育锻炼，饮食，电视查看）和体重和2）的影响，以及2）确定遗传和/或生活风险的效果的程度），该效果是遗传和/或生活的影响。我们还将研究以自我调节理论为指导的遗传和/或生活方式风险信息可能影响生活方式行为的机制。这项研究将是第一个获得有关短期（以机制为中心的）影响的试点数据，即提供肥胖基因型反馈对超重和非超重个体中实际行为结果的反馈。因为这是一项试点研究，所以数据将用于开发效应大小和差异估计值，用于计划大型随机试验。当与生活方式风险反馈结合使用时，我们将确定遗传信息的“增值”，以及它是否增强了从事健康生活方式行为的动机。此外，我们还将确定提供“低风险”遗传反馈是否具有任何不利影响（例如，错误保证）。最后，这项研究的位置是独特的，以提供有关个人如何解释不同风险信息来源以及如何达到疾病风险的整体感知的重要数据。完全采用的研究结果将用作未来干预工作的总体模型，以有效地传达遗传风险信息，以改善体重管理和整体人口健康。 1 公共卫生相关性：尽管对肥胖症的基因测试通过直接面向消费者的公司广泛可供公众使用，但对这些信息对人们对肥胖，健康行为和体重成果的态度的影响知之甚少。这项研究将研究使用与肥胖相关的遗传信息激励个体降低肥胖风险的可行性。研究结果将成为未来干预工作的总体模型，以有效地传达遗传风险信息，以改善体重管理和整体人口健康。