Behavioral an(j Neural Markers of Attentional Control: Antecedents for AD

注意力控制的行为和神经标记：AD 的前因

• 批准号: 8287323
• 负责人: David A Balota
• 金额: $ 20.58万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-30 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8287323
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adult Children; Alzheimer' s Disease; Apolipoprotein E; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Biological Neural Networks; Characteristics; Child; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Complement; Computer Simulation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnostic; Diffusion; Disease; Disease Marker; Disease Progression; Elderly; Family; Fingers; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Image; Individual; Instruction; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Memory; Mind; Modeling; Nature; Neurotic Disorders; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Personality; Personality Traits; Pittsburgh Compound-B; Procedures; Process; Reaction Time; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Response Latencies; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; Sampling; Speed; Staging; System; Thinking; Time Study; Weight; brain behavior; cognitive change; executive function; healthy aging; improved; middle age; pre-clinical; programs; relating to nervous system; response

There is accumulating evidence of a breakdown in attentional control systems and consequent increases in reaction time (RT) variability that may reflect a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent evidence indicates that tasks which place a high load on attentional systems are particularly useful in (a) serving as a behavioral marker in discriminafing healthy aging from early stage DAT, (b) predicfing later conversion in a group of healthy middle-aged/older adults, and (c) showing relafionships with other biomarkers in healthy control individuals. The proposed research will continue to longitudinally follow the adult child sample, who have well-characterized risk for developing symptomatic AD, to address the following issues: First, we will examine a set of cognitive tasks that target attentional selection, executive control, and attentional control contributions to memory performance and relate these measures to the accumulafing biomarkers from the other projects and cores (e.g., PIB, CSF measures, AP0E4 status, structural and resting state fMRI measures). Second, we will explore subtle characteristics of RT distribufional performance utilizing ex-Gaussian analyses and the diffusion model to examine the extent to which distinct parameters are useful prodromal markers for risk for developing AD. Third, we will use both a Sustained Attention to Respond task (SART) and a simple repetitive finger tapping task as behavioral markers for momentary fiuctuafions in task disengagement to irrelevant thoughts (i.e., mind wandering). Fourth, we will measure the task related neural response (via fMRI) in both a Stroop and Encoding Subsequent Memory paradigm to determine if attentional and/or default mode neural networks begin to be compromised before there is disruption in cognitive performance and relate these results to the biomarkers developing in the other projects, especially the resting state fcMRI studies in Project 4. Fifth, we will examine the extent to which personality characterisfics are related to the attenfional control mechanisms, and modulate the brain-behavior relafionships. The convergence across these aims, projects, and cores in the confinuing longitudinal study of the Adult Children Study cohort affords a unique opportunity to develop an understanding of the multi-faceted nature of the earliest bio-behavioral changes associated with AD.

有累积的证据表明注意力控制系统发生故障并增加 在反应时间（RT）变异性中，可能反映了阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的前途阶段。最近的 证据表明，在注意系统上载有高负荷的任务在（a）中特别有用 作为鉴别早期阶段健康衰老的行为标志物，（b）稍后 在一组健康的中年/老年人中转换，（c）与其他 健康对照个体中的生物标志物。拟议的研究将继续纵向遵循 成人儿童样本（具有症状性广告的特征性风险），以解决 以下问题：首先，我们将检查一组针对注意力选择的认知任务 控制和注意力控制对记忆表现的贡献，并将这些措施与 从其他项目和核心中累积生物标志物（例如PIB，CSF措施，AP0E4状态， 结构和休息状态fMRI措施）。其次，我们将探索RT的微妙特征 利用前高斯分析和扩散模型的分布性能来检查 哪些不同的参数是开发AD风险的有用前驱标记。第三，我们将同时使用 持续关注响应任务（SART）和简单的重复手指轻拍任务作为行为 瞬间fiuctuafions的标记在任务脱离与无关的思想（即思维流浪）中的标记。 第四，我们将测量与任务相关的神经反应（通过fMRI） 随后的内存范式确定注意力和/或默认模式神经网络是否开始 在认知表现中断并将这些结果与生物标志物联系起来之前受到妥协 在其他项目中开发，尤其是项目4的静止状态FCMRI研究。第五，我们将 检查人格特征与衰减控制机制有关的程度， 并调节大脑行为的遗产。这些目标，项目和核心之间的融合 成人儿童研究队列的纵向研究为发展提供了独特的机会 对与AD相关的最早生物行为变化的多面性的理解。