ATTENTION PROFILES IN HEALTHY AGING AND EARLY STAGE DAT

健康老龄化和早期 DAT 的注意力概况

• 批准号: 6697843
• 负责人: David A Balota
• 金额: $ 15.39万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6697843
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s disease; aging; attention; biomarker; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; cognition; comprehension; dementia; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; positron emission tomography; psychometrics; temporal lobe /cortex

Recent evidence suggests that components of attention may serve as early indicators of the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). For example, work from our current Project indicates that higher-level aspects of attentional control are deficient in the earliest stages of the disease, and that these control systems contribute to the observed memory changes. However, to date there has been relatively little work investigating systematic changes in the specific components of attention with age and DAT or the consistency of these components within individuals across different attentional measures and testing sessions. The goal of the present proposal is to target specific components of attention, and provide individual attentional profiles in an attempt to distinguish healthy aging from the earliest stages of Alzheimers Disease. The data obtained from these experiments will also be especially useful in evaluating recent evidence indicating that within-individual variability can serve as a marker for discriminating healthy aging from early stage DAT. In addition, recent evidence suggests that components of attention may be differentially affected by distinct personality types. Hence, personality traits based on the five-factor model of personality will be explored in relation to distinct attentional profiles, disease onset, and disease progression. The proposed experiments will isolate four distinct components of attention: maintenance, selection, switching, and divided attention. Based on the extant literature, three experiments will be designed to tap each of the four components of attention, yielding a battery of 12 attentional tests. Factor analytic procedures will be used to determine whether these tasks load on the predicted attentional components. In addition, we will include a brief standardized attention battery that has been recently developed (Attention Network Test) to investigate its relationship to the targeted components of attention in the present set of experiments. Seven groups of subjects will be tested during Years 1-3 in the proposed attention battery: young adults, middle-aged relatives of a DAT individual, middle-aged controls, healthy young-old adults (mean age 70 years), healthy old-old adults (mean age 85 years), very mild DAT (CDR 0.5) and mild DAT (CDR 1) individuals. In Years 4-5, approximately 70% of these individuals will be retested to provide a replication of the factor structure from Wave 1 testing and to examine the consistency of performance within individuals across testing sessions. In conjunction with data from the remaining Cores and Projects, the data from this project will serve as a cognitive marker to differentiate healthy aging from the earliest stages of the disease process.

最近的证据表明，注意力的组成部分可能是阿尔茨海默氏症类型（DAT）痴呆症发作的早期指标。例如，我们当前项目的工作表明，注意力控制的高层方面在疾病的最早阶段缺乏，并且这些控制系统有助于观察到的记忆变化。但是，到目前为止，研究特定的系统变化相对较少 注意与年龄和DAT或这些组件在不同注意力措施和测试会议中的个人中的一致性的组成部分。本提案的目的是针对注意的特定组成部分，并提供个体的注意力特征，以将健康的衰老与阿尔茨海默氏病的最早阶段区分开来。从这些实验获得的数据也将在评估最新 表明个体内变异性的证据可以用作区分早期阶段健康衰老的标志物。此外，最近的证据表明，注意力的组成部分可能会受到不同人格类型的差异影响。因此，将探讨基于五因素人格模型的人格特征，以与不同的注意力特征，疾病发作和疾病进展有关。提出的实验将隔离四个不同的注意力组成部分：维护，选择，切换和分裂的注意力。基于现存的文献，将设计三个实验来点击四个组成部分 注意，产生12个注意测试的电池。因子分析程序将用于确定这些任务是否在预测的注意力组件上加载。此外，我们还将包括一个最近开发的简短标准化注意电池（注意网络测试），以研究其与当前一组实验中注意力组成部分的关系。在1 - 3年内，将对七组受试者进行测试 拟议的注意电池：年轻人，DAT个体的中年亲戚，中年对照，健康的年轻人（平均年龄70岁），健康的老年人（平均年龄85岁），非常温和的DAT（CDR 0.5）和轻度DAT（CDR 1）个人。在4 - 5年中，将重新测试这些人中约有70％的人，以复制Wave 1测试的因子结构，并检查性能的一致性 在测试课程中的个人。结合其余核心和项目的数据，该项目的数据将是一个认知标记，以区分健康的衰老与疾病过程的最早阶段。