The Genetics of Parallel Reproductive Isolation in Stickleback Species Pairs

刺鱼物种对中平行生殖隔离的遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
8325072
负责人：
Catherine L. Peichel
金额：
$ 41.21万
依托单位：
FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-10 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8325072
关键词：
Accounting Acute Address Affect Alleles Architecture Behavior Behavior Disorders Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Biological Models Birds Body Size British Columbia Candidate Disease Gene Complex Data Set Diet Embryo Environment Evolution Exhibits Experimental Designs Feeds Female Fishes Fresh Water Gasterosteidae Generations Genes Genetic Genetic Drift Genetic Variation Genome Genomics Genotype Goals Growth Habitats Height Human Hybrids Individual Insecta Invertebrates Investigation Knowledge Laboratories Life Location Maps Marines Measures Methods Modeling Morphology Mutation Natural Selections Nature Neural Pathways Normal Range Organism Other Genetics Partner in relationship Pathway interactions Pattern Phenotype Plankton Plants Population Population Study Probability Quantitative Trait Loci Reproductive Behavior Research Resources Schedule Shapes Single Nucleotide Polymorphism System Testing Variant Vertebrates Water base density developmental genetics genome sequencing interest male novel preference public health relevance reproductive reproductive success research study segregation species difference theories tool trait

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Substantial progress has been made over the last ten years in understanding how natural selection has driven the origin of species. However, we know little about the genetic basis of speciation - the genes that underlie the behavioral, morphological, and other traits that define the reproductive barriers between new species. Progress has been limited by a shortage of study systems that present both an understanding of ecological and evolutionary context and the requisite genomic resources. The young species pairs of threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus complex) provide an outstanding opportunity to address fundamental questions concerning the genetics of species origin and persistence in nature. Coexisting 'limnetic' and 'benthic' species have evolved repeatedly in multiple small lakes and show parallel differences in many traits. Mating behaviors such as nesting habitat and mate preferences form the principal barrier to gene flow. Such behaviors are also contingent upon body size, shape, and ecological differences such as habitat, which therefore indirectly influence reproductive isolation. Survival and reproductive success of hybrids likewise depend on this suite of behavioral and morphological traits. The first aim of our proposed research is to investigate the genetic underpinnings of behaviors and morphological traits responsible for reproductive isolation between benthic and limnetic sticklebacks from two lakes (Priest and Paxton) using quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping with high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. Second, we aim to determine whether behavioral traits causing reproductive isolation map to the same genomic regions as the morphological traits known to correlate with mate choice. Our third aim is to detect regions of the genome causing postzygotic isolation by measuring segregation distortion at SNP markers in these pond-raised hybrids compared with that in control embryos made in the laboratory. Finally, we will test whether the same genomic regions control species differences in behavior and morphology between two independently evolved species pairs (in Priest and Paxton Lakes). Importantly, these traits will be measured in controlled outdoor experimental ponds that mimic natural lake habitats and permit the expression of natural behaviors, diets, growth, and reproductive schedules. Since the stickleback has a fully sequenced genome and many other genetic tools available, the mapping experiments proposed here will be the first step in identifying genes that underlie reproductive isolation in natural stickleback populations. In addition, the results are likely to have important implications for understanding the genetic basis of behavioral variation and behavioral disorders in humans because many of the genetic and neural pathways that underlie behaviors are likely to be conserved between fish and humans. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Very little is known about the genes that influence the normal range of phenotypic variation seen in human behaviors and morphologies. Humans and sticklebacks have migrated and adapted to new environments over a similar evolutionary timeframe, and genetic and developmental pathways are conserved amongst vertebrates. Thus, sticklebacks provide an excellent vertebrate model system for studying the genetic architecture of phenotypic variation that has direct relevance to similar studies in humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：过去十年来，在了解自然选择如何驱动物种的起源方面取得了重大进展。但是，我们对物种形成的遗传基础知之甚少 - 行为，形态学和其他定义新物种之间生殖障碍的基因。进步受到研究系统短缺的限制，这些研究系统既表现出对生态和进化环境的理解以及必要的基因组资源。幼小的三分之一粘性鱼类（Gasterosteus aculeatus Complex）为解决了关于物种起源和持久性的基本问题提供了一个很棒的机会。共存的“有限态”和“底栖”物种在多个小湖泊中反复演变，并在许多特征中显示出平行的差异。嵌套栖息地和伴侣偏好等交配行为构成了基因流动的主要障碍。这种行为还取决于身体的大小，形状和生态差异，例如栖息地，因此间接影响生殖隔离。杂种的生存和生殖成功同样取决于这套行为和形态学特征。我们拟议的研究的第一个目的是使用定量性状基因座（QTL）绘制高密度单核苷酸多态性的绘图（SNP）数组。其次，我们旨在确定与已知与伴侣选择相关的形态特征引起生殖隔离图的行为特征是否引起生殖隔离图。我们的第三个目的是检测基因组的区域，通过测量这些池塘饲养的杂种在SNP标记处的隔离变形，与实验室中的对照胚胎相比。最后，我们将测试相同的基因组区域是否控制着两个独立进化的物种对（在牧师和帕克斯顿湖中）之间的行为和形态差异。重要的是，这些特征将在模仿天然湖泊栖息地的受控室外实验池塘中进行测量，并允许表达自然行为，饮食，生长和生殖时间表。由于Stickleback具有完全测序的基因组和许多其他遗传工具，因此此处提出的映射实验将是识别自然粘质种群中生殖隔离的基因的第一步。此外，结果可能对了解人类行为变异和行为障碍的遗传基础具有重要意义，因为许多遗传和神经途径可能是基于鱼类和人类之间的遗传和神经途径。公共卫生相关性：对影响人类行为和形态中表现型变异的正常范围的基因知之甚少。在类似的进化时间内，人类和粘性已经迁移并适应了新环境，并且遗传和发育途径在脊椎动物中是保守的。因此，粘性为研究与人类类似研究直接相关的表型变异的遗传结构提供了出色的脊椎动物模型系统。