Facile Detection of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections

轻松检测土壤传播的蠕虫感染

• 批准号: 8103856
• 负责人: MICHAEL J CRAWFORD
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: MONSANTO COMPANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8103856
• 关键词: Adult; Advocate; Ancylostoma (genus); Animals; Anthelmintics; Antibodies; Antigen Targeting; Area; Ascaris; Bedside Testings; Biological Assay; Brazil; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cloning; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Country; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Procedure; Disease; Drug resistance; Economics; Electricity; Endemic Diseases; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Equipment; Evaluation; Field Workers; Foundations; Generations; Genomics; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; HIV; Health; Helminths; Hookworm Infections; Hookworms; Hospitals; Human; Human Resources; Immigrant; Immune Sera; Immunoblotting; Immunological Diagnosis; India; Indonesia; Infection; Institutes; Intestines; Joints; Laboratories; Lateral; Legal patent; Malaria; Malnutrition; Medicine; Methods; Metric; Microscope; Microscopic; Military Personnel; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Necator; Nematoda; Oral Poliovirus Vaccine; Orthologous Gene; Parasite resistance; Parasites; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Physicians; Poverty; Predisposition; Preparation; Public Health; Quantitative Evaluations; Reagent; Recombinants; Refugees; Research; Research Activity; Research Infrastructure; Rural; Sampling; Sensitivity and Specificity; Soil; Specificity; Specimen; Techniques; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Therapeutic Uses; Time; Training; Trichuris; Tuberculosis; Universities; Vaccines; Washington; burden of illness; commercialization; companion animal; disorder control; egg; human disease; innovation; interest; neglect; parasitism; point of care; product development; programs; public health relevance; reagent testing; rural area; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to develop a rapid and accurate immunodiagnostic test for detection of soil- transmitted helminths (STHs) that can be used without laboratory infrastructure. Human STH infections from whipworm (Trichuris), roundworm (Ascaris), and hookworms (Necator and Ancylostoma) create a substantial burden to worldwide public health. Current infection rates are staggering, with well over one billion people estimated to be harboring at least one of these nematode parasites, causing substantial morbidity. The current global strategy to control STH infections involves mass drug administration (MDA) of anthelmintic medicines without prior diagnosis. However, cure is often not complete and the limited number of available drugs has fueled concerns of parasite resistance. To support this drug administration strategy, clinical research activities have concurrently intensified. These include monitoring for the emergence of drug resistance and the effects of worm infection on childhood growth and development. Despite these needs, no commercial product to detect these parasites is available. All current diagnostic methods require the use of laboratory equipment and clinically trained personnel to identify parasitic species. The most widely-used method is the microscopic detection of parasite eggs, a labor-intensive technique with inadequate sensitivity and specificity. Therefore a rapid, sensitive, specific, and inexpensive method to detect parasitic worm infections without laboratory infrastructure or trained personnel would offer enormous advantages over current methods. Building upon extensive proof-of-concept data with closely related parasites, this proposal aims to develop an immunodiagnostic assay for detection of human STHs. The first step toward feasibility will involve cloning, recombinant expression, and generation of antiserum to select helminth targets, followed by ELISA and western analyses with parasite extracts and clinical samples (Phase I). Once targets providing adequate sensitivity and specificity are validated, further assay optimization, expansion of reagents, and evaluation of multiple epidemiologic settings will commence (Phase II). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs, roundworms) currently infect over one billion people globally, causing substantial morbidity and economic loss. The current microscopic method for detecting these parasites is time-consuming, requires laboratory infrastructure, and suffers from poor sensitivity. The goal of this project is to develop a rapid and accurate immunodiagnostic test for STH infections in support of patient management, epidemiologic studies, and surveillance of mass drug administration programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目的是开发快速准确的免疫诊断测试，以检测可以在没有实验室基础设施的情况下使用的土壤传播的蠕虫（STH）。鞭虫（Trichuris），round虫（Ascaris）和钩虫（固定物和Ancylostoma）的人类STH感染给全球公共卫生带来了重大负担。 当前的感染率令人惊讶，据估计，有超过10亿的人含有这些线虫寄生虫中的至少一个，导致了大量发病率。 当前控制STH感染的全球策略涉及驱虫药的大规模药物管理（MDA），没有事先诊断。 但是，治愈通常不完整，有限数量的可用药物引起了寄生虫抗性的关注。 为了支持该药物管理策略，临床研究活动同时加强了。 这些包括监测耐药性的出现以及蠕虫感染对儿童生长和发育的影响。 尽管需要这些需要，但仍未使用商业产品来检测这些寄生虫。 所有当前的诊断方法都需要使用实验室设备和临床训练的人员来识别寄生虫。 最广泛使用的方法是寄生虫卵的显微镜检测，这是一种劳动密集型技术，灵敏度和特异性不足。 因此，一种快速，敏感，特异性和廉价的方法可检测没有实验室基础设施或受过训练的人员的寄生虫感染，将提供与当前方法相比的巨大优势。 该提案以与密切相关的寄生虫的广泛概念证明数据为基础，旨在开发一种用于检测人类STH的免疫诊断测定法。 迈向可行性的第一步将涉及克隆，重组表达和抗血清的产生，以选择蠕虫靶标，然后使用寄生虫提取物和临床样品（I期）进行ELISA和Western分析。 一旦验证了提供足够灵敏度和特异性的目标，就会开始进一步的测定优化，试剂的扩展以及评估多个流行病学设置（II阶段）。 公共卫生相关性：土壤传播的蠕虫（STH，round虫）目前在全球超过10亿人中感染了十亿人，从而造成了大量的发病率和经济损失。当前用于检测这些寄生虫的微观方法是耗时，需要实验室基础设施，并且敏感性差。 该项目的目的是为STH感染开发快速准确的免疫诊断测试，以支持患者管理，流行病学研究和监测大众药物管理计划。