Prospective Studies of Avian Influenza Transmission in Asia

亚洲禽流感传播的前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 8057458
• 负责人: Gregory Charles Gray
• 金额: $ 7.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-15 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8057458
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Area; Asia; Avian Influenza; Behavioral; Belgium; Birds; Cambodia; Canada; Cessation of life; China; Clinical; Complex; Confidence Intervals; Containment; Contracts; Country; Data; Detection; Development; Disease model; Domestic Animals; Domestic Fowls; Dose; Ducks; Egypt; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Family; Family member; Family suidae; Felis catus; Future; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gender; Gray unit of radiation dose; Grouping; H7N7; Health Professional; Home visitation; Hong Kong; House Call; Human; Incidence; Indonesia; Industry; Infection; Influenza; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); International; Intervention; Invaded; Japan; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Laos; Life; Little' s Disease; London; Maps; Marketing; Measures; Meat; Modeling; Monitor; Netherlands; New York; Odds Ratio; Oseltamivir; Outcome; Participant; Pathogenicity; Persons; Policies; Population; Preparation; Prevalence; Process; Production; Prospective Studies; Province; Public Health; Published Comment; Quarantine; Questionnaires; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Serological; Seroprevalences; Serum; Site; South Korea; Study Subject; Swab; Techniques; Thailand; Tigers; Time; United States; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vietnam; Viral; Virginia; Virus; Work; World Health Organization; age difference; age group; base; biosecurity; cohort; college; design; domestic bird; economic impact; experience; farmer; flu transmission; follow-up; high risk; human disease; influenza epidemic; influenza outbreak; influenzavirus; innovation; man; mathematical model; meetings; mortality; pandemic disease; pandemic influenza; professor; response; success; symposium; transmission process; virus identification

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The H5N1 avian influenza epidemic that has ravaged multiple species in Asia, now threatens the United States. National response plans call for aggressive human case identification, antiviral use, isolation, and possibly quarantine. The mathematical models upon which the pandemic plans rely lack fundamental objective data such as transmission rates and virus infectiousness. As human disease detection in Asia is based upon clinical encounters, little is known regarding subclinical infections or risk factors for H5N1 infection. Our long term goa/in this proposed research is to epidemiologically describe clinical and subclinical H5N1 transmission such that public health officials might design appropriate H5N1 surveillance and control measures. In this effort we will conduct a controlled, three-year, prospective study of H5N1 transmission among 900 adults occupationally exposed to poultry (poultry farmers, poultry industry workers, meat processing workers, open poultry market workers), and 300 age-group and gender matched non-exposed controls living in three H5N1 endemic areas in Asia: Tangerang, Indonesia; Bali, Indonesia; and Kandaal Province, Cambodia. The study will involve aggressive active surveillance for influenza-like illness among study participants (with nasopharyngeal swab and serum sampling), annual serial serological follow-up of participants, and through home visits, similar studies of the family members exposed to study subjects who develops influenza infection. Microneutralization serologic techniques, RT-PCR, and viral culture will be used to determine influenza infection outcomes. Our objectives are to determine the seroprevalence of evidence of previous H5N1 influenza infection, to estimate the annual incidence of H5N1 influenza infection, to estimate secondary H5N1 influenza infection rates, and to determine risk factors for H5N1 influenza infection. Based upon preliminary data, our central hypotheses are that H5N1 influenza infection will be frequent among these workers, that we will be able to estimate the prevalence and incidence of H5N1 infection, and that we will be able to identify persons at highest risk of H5N1 infection. We are particularly well-suited to conduct this work as we have extensive experience conducting both epidemiological and laboratory-based studies of influenza transmission, and we have exceptional cooperation among public health officials nationally and locally at the field sites. This study is innovative in that no such prospective studies of avian influenza infection have been performed among those person's occupationally exposed to poultry in H5N1 endemic sites.

描述（由申请人提供）：H5N1鸟类流感流行病已经破坏了亚洲多种物种，现在威胁着美国。国家反应计划呼吁进行积极的人类病例识别，抗病毒，隔离以及可能的隔离。大流行计划依赖的数学模型缺乏基本的客观数据，例如传播率和病毒感染性。由于亚洲的人类疾病检测是基于临床相遇，因此关于H5N1感染的亚临床感染或危险因素知之甚少。我们的长期果阿/在这项拟议的研究中是在流行病学上描述临床和亚临床H5N1传播，以便公共卫生官员可以设计适当的H5N1监视和控制措施。在这项努力中，我们将对900名成年人的H5N1传播进行了三年的前瞻性研究，暴露于家禽（家禽农民，家禽行业工人，肉类加工工人，开放的家禽市场工人），以及300个年龄段和性别匹配的非曝光控件，在三个H5N1中居住在Asia：Tangererance，India，India，India，India，India;印度尼西亚巴厘岛；和柬埔寨坎达尔省。这项研究将涉及研究参与者（鼻咽拭子和血清抽样），参与者的年度串行血清学随访以及家庭访问的积极主动监测，对流感样疾病，对流感感染的研究受试者进行的类似研究。微中性化血清学技术，RT-PCR和病毒培养将用于确定流感感染结果。我们的目标是确定先前H5N1流感感染的证据的血清阳性，以估计H5N1流感感染的年发生率，以估计继发性H5N1流感感染率，并确定H5N1流感感染的危险因素。基于初步数据，我们的中心假设是，在这些工人中，H5N1流感感染将是经常出现的，我们将能够估计H5N1感染的患病率和发病率，并且我们将能够识别出患有H5N1感染风险最高的人。我们特别非常适合进行这项工作，因为我们在基于流行性的流感传播方面具有丰富的经验，并且在全国和本地的公共卫生官员之间在现场现场进行了非凡的合作。这项研究具有创新性，因为在H5N1地方性部位的那些人的职业中，尚未对禽流感染进行过这种前瞻性研究。