FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF NEURONAL CIRCUITS FOR VISION

视觉神经回路的功能特性

• 批准号: 8172510
• 负责人: W MARTIN USREY
• 金额: $ 3.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172510
• 关键词: Affect; Attention; Categories; Cells; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Disease; Environment; Feedback; Funding; Goals; Grant; Institution; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Population; Property; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Sensory; Series; Source; Testing; Thalamic structure; United States National Institutes of Health; Vision; corticogeniculate; directed attention; falls; feeding; information processing; magnocellular; parvocellular; receptive field; research study; response; sensory system; transmission process; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. For sensory systems, feed forward projections from thalamic relay cells provide the cortex with information about the external environment. The cortex, in turn, sends extensive feedback to thalamic relay cells. The cortex thus functions both to process information supplied by the thalamus as well as to influence dynamically the transmission of thalamic input. The primary goal of the experiments presented in this proposal is to determine the functional organization of corticogeniculate feedback projections and their influence on visual processing. The proposed study involves four sets of experiments. The first major series of experiments (Specific Aim 1) will test the hypothesis that the corticogeniculate pathway contains physiologically distinct populations of neurons that selectively innervate the magnocellular and parvocellular layers of the LGN. The remaining experiments will examine the functional role of corticogeniculate projections during visual processing. In general, proposed roles for corticogeniculate function fall into two broad categories: (1) the corticothalamic pathway serves to sharpen the receptive field properties of thalamic neurons, and (2) the corticothalamic pathway serves to enhance the transmission of sensory information from periphery to cortex. The second series of experiments (Specific Aim 2) will therefore test the hypothesis that corticogeniculate feedback sharpens LGN receptive fields by suppression from the extraclassical receptive field. The third series of experiments (Specific Aim 3) will test the hypothesis that corticogeniculate feedback adjusts non-spatial aspect of LGN responses. Finally, the fourth series of experiments (Specific Aim 4) will compare the effects of directed attention on corticogeniculate neurons and LGN neurons in order to test the hypothesis that attention and the corticogeniculate pathway influence the gain of LGN responses to visual stimuli. Given the central importance of corticothalamic pathways for governing the excitability of thalamocortical networks, it is important that we understand the functional properties of the corticothalamic pathway, as disorders of the pathway likely underlie several illnesses affecting vision and visual processing.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 对于感官系统，丘脑继电器细胞的馈电前投影为皮质提供了有关外部环境的信息。反过来，皮层向丘脑继电器细胞发送了广泛的反馈。因此，皮层既可以处理丘脑提供的信息，又可以动态影响丘脑输入的传播。本提案中提出的实验的主要目的是确定皮质生成反馈预测的功能组织及其对视觉处理的影响。拟议的研究涉及四组实验。第一项主要实验（特定目标1）将检验以下假设：皮质生成途径包含生理上不同的神经元种群，这些神经元有选择地支配LGN的大细胞和副细胞层。其余的实验将检查视觉处理过程中皮质激素投影的功能作用。通常，提出的皮质生成功能的作用属于两个广泛的类别：（1）皮质丘脑途径可增强丘脑神经元的接受场特性，以及（2）皮质丘脑途径可增强感官信息从周围到科特克斯的传播。因此，第二系列实验（特定目标2）将检验以下假设：皮层反馈通过抑制古典感受场的抑制来促进LGN接受场。第三系列实验（特定目标3）将检验以下假设：皮质生成反馈调整LGN响应的非空间方面。最后，第四系列实验（特定目标4）将比较有方向的注意力对皮质生成神经元和LGN神经元的影响，以检验以下假设：注意力和皮质生成途径会影响LGN对视觉刺激的响应的增益。鉴于皮质丘脑途径对于管理丘脑皮质网络的兴奋性的核心重要性，重要的是，我们必须了解皮质丘脑途径的功能性能，因为该途径的疾病可能是影响视力和视觉处理的几种疾病的基础。