Determinants of Oxidative Potential, A Health-Based Metric to Assess Particulate Matter Toxicity

氧化势的决定因素，一种评估颗粒物毒性的基于健康的指标

基本信息

批准号：
NE/E008798/1
负责人：
Roy Harrison
金额：
$ 7.92万
依托单位：
King's College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE008798%2F1
关键词：
Determinants Oxidative Potential Health Based

项目摘要

Particles which are so small as to be invisible to the naked eye are very abundant in the atmosphere. They come from a wide range of sources (e.g. road traffic) and are diverse in terms of their particle sizes and chemical composition. Earlier epidemiological studies have shown clearly that exposure to airborne particles has an impact on human health with more deaths and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases on high pollution days and those immediately following. However, to date the epidemiology has focussed very largely on the mass of particles in wide size ranges known as PM2.5 and PM10 and has not discovered whether particular properties of the particle such as their size or chemical composition determine the relative toxicity. There would be great benefit in doing so as abatement strategies could then focus on the sources emitting the most toxic particles. In this project it is proposed to collect large samples of airborne particles in different size fractions including the ultrafine fraction (of less than 100 nanometres diameter) which is believed to have a higher toxicity per unit mass. The samples of particles will be subjected to detailed chemical analysis in the laboratory as well as being tested for their ability to exert oxidative potential, in other words, to consume the body's anti-oxidant defences. The overall aim is to understand which properties of the particles have the greatest influence on their oxidative potential which could then inform the design of epidemiological studies to investigate the links between those particle properties and effects on human health.

在大气中，肉眼看不见的颗粒非常小。它们来自广泛的来源（例如道路交通），并且在其粒径和化学成分方面是多样的。较早的流行病学研究清楚地表明，在高污染日和随后的呼吸道和心血管疾病的死亡人数和医院入院以及随后的呼吸道和心血管疾病中，对人类健康产生了影响。然而，迄今为止，流行病学主要集中在称为PM2.5和PM10的宽度范围的质量上，并且尚未发现粒子的特定特性（例如它们的大小或化学成分）是否决定了相对毒性。这样做将会有很大的好处，因为减排策略然后可以集中于发出最有毒的颗粒的来源。在这个项目中，建议收集以不同大小分数的空气传播颗粒的样本，包括超细部分（少于100纳米的直径），据信每单位质量的毒性较高。颗粒样品将在实验室中进行详细的化学分析，并因其发挥氧化潜力的能力而进行测试，换句话说，可以消耗人体的抗氧化剂防御能力。总体目的是了解颗粒的哪些特性对它们的氧化潜力具有最大的影响，然后可以为流行病学研究的设计提供介绍，以研究这些粒子特性与对人类健康的影响之间的联系。