Cancer screening among Latinas

拉丁裔癌症筛查

• 批准号: 7914167
• 负责人: Ana F. Abraido-Lanza
• 金额: $ 21.25万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-13 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7914167
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adopted; Advocacy; Age; American Cancer Society; Behavior; Belief; Body mass index; Boxing; Breast; Breast Cancer Detection; Cancer Burden; Censuses; Cervical Cancer Screening; Characteristics; Communities; Complex; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Environmental Policy; Epidemiologic Studies; Equation; Exercise; Future; Goals; Health; Health Educators; Health Professional; Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Health behavior; Health behavior outcomes; Healthcare; Healthy People 2010; Height; Hispanics; Immigrant; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Latina; Latino; Lead; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammography; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Neighborhoods; New York; Obesity; Outcome; Outcome Study; Patient Self-Report; Policy Research; Population; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Recruitment Activity; Research; Resources; Risk Factors; Role; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Smoke; Smoking; Social Class; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Staging; Statistical Models; Survival Rate; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Underserved Population; United States; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Washington; Woman; base; behavioral/social science; cancer health disparity; clinical practice; cultural values; design; ethnic minority population; health care quality; health disparity; high risk; intervention program; low socioeconomic status; malignant breast neoplasm; novel strategies; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; response; social; social capital; social science research; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to PAR-07-380 Behavioral and Social Science Research on Understanding and Reducing Health Disparities, the proposed study focuses on identifying potential causes of disparities in breast cancer screening and cancer-related behaviors among Latina (Hispanic) women. Although the study focuses on a single population, the proposed focus on health care, cultural factors and norms, and other variables will help to elucidate the circumstances and mechanisms that may contribute to disparities in breast cancer. The primary goals of the proposed study are to elucidate psychosocial and cultural factors that are associated with a variety of cancer-related behaviors and risk factors (smoking, exercise, and body mass index), and recency of breast cancer screening (mammography), as well as to examine social, neighborhood-level, and access health care factors that may predict these behaviors. The model aims to examine the relationship between social capital, neighborhood factors, cancer screening, and cancer-related health behaviors; to test the extent to which familism, health-behavior norms concerning smoking and obesity, and fatalistic beliefs about cancer mediate the relationship between acculturation, cancer screening, and health behavior outcomes; to analyze whether access to health care mediates the relationship between neighborhood resources, social class, and screening; and to examine whether social capital predicts screening via social support. A total of 402 Latinas will be recruited from community-based settings in New York (specifically, Washington Heights/Inwood and sections of the South Bronx). Data will be collected via face-to-face interviews. Data on neighborhood characteristics will be derived from self-report, publicly-available Census data, as well as street-level observations. Employing a cross-sectional design, the theoretical model will be tested with Structural Equation Modeling statistical techniques. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The study will identify factors that promote and present barriers to breast cancer screening and cancer-related health behaviors among Latinas. Data can be used by health educators to design effective, culturally-competent educational programs, and by other health professionals to provide culturally-appropriate health services. Therefore, the research will provide a basis for the development of culturally-relevant programs, suggest points of intervention at the policy and environmental levels, and lead to future epidemiologic studies of individual and structural determinants of health behaviors in a high risk group.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了响应 PAR-07-380 关于理解和减少健康差异的行为和社会科学研究，拟议的研究重点是确定拉丁裔（西班牙裔）乳腺癌筛查和癌症相关行为差异的潜在原因。 ） 女性。尽管该研究侧重于单一人群，但拟议重点关注医疗保健、文化因素和规范以及其他变量，这将有助于阐明可能导致乳腺癌差异的环境和机制。拟议研究的主要目标是阐明与各种癌症相关行为和危险因素（吸烟、运动和体重指数）以及乳腺癌筛查（乳房X光检查）的近期情况相关的社会心理和文化因素，如以及检查可能预测这些行为的社会、社区层面和获得医疗保健的因素。该模型旨在检验社会资本、邻里因素、癌症筛查和癌症相关健康行为之间的关系；测试家庭主义、有关吸烟和肥胖的健康行为规范以及有关癌症的宿命论信念在多大程度上介导文化适应、癌症筛查和健康行为结果之间的关系；分析医疗保健的获取是否会调节社区资源、社会阶层和筛查之间的关系；并检查社会资本是否可以通过社会支持预测筛查。总共 402 名拉丁裔将从纽约的社区环境（特别是华盛顿高地/因伍德和南布朗克斯的部分地区）招募。数据将通过面对面访谈收集。有关社区特征的数据将来自自我报告、公开的人口普查数据以及街道观察数据。采用横截面设计，理论模型将通过结构方程模型统计技术进行测试。公共卫生相关性：该研究将确定促进和阻碍拉丁裔乳腺癌筛查和癌症相关健康行为的因素。健康教育工作者可以使用数据来设计有效的、适合文化的教育计划，其他健康专业人员可以使用数据来提供适合文化的健康服务。因此，该研究将为制定文化相关计划提供基础，提出政策和环境层面的干预点，并促成未来对高危人群健康行为的个体和结构决定因素的流行病学研究。