Age and breast cancer screening among Latina women

拉丁裔女性的年龄和乳腺癌筛查

• 批准号: 6576402
• 负责人: Ana F. Abraido-Lanza
• 金额: $ 7.57万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-30 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6576402
• 关键词: Hispanic Americans; age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; breast neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; breast neoplasms; breast self examination; cancer prevention; clinical research; cognition; culture; diagnostic tests; early diagnosis; female; health behavior; health care quality; human data; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); immigrant; mammography; mathematical model; social group process; socioeconomics

The study aims to disentangle the effects of age, socioeconomic status (SES) and ethniclty , specifically, acculturation, on breast cancer screening tests. Various studies document disparities between Latina (Hispanic) and non- Latina white women in incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer, as well as survival rates. Several studies indicate that older Latina women receive fewer breast cancer screening tests than non-Latina whites, possibly accounting for some of the observed differences in breast cancer mortality and survival rates. Research on acculturation (the process by which immigrant groups espouse the values, beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture), suggests that Latino cultural values may be associated with decreased screening. Other research indicates that SES and other structural factors account for differences in screening. The proposed study will significantly contribute to the literature on breast cancer screening among Latina women by testing a theoretical model on the effects of age, cultural and socioeconomic status factors on cancer screening, as well as mechanisms that mediate these effects. Using data from the Cancer Control Supplement of the 1992 National Health Interview Survey, the study will examine three screening behaviors: recent clinical breast examination and mammography, and frequency of breast self-examination. The following research questions will be addressed: (1) What is the relationship between age, acculturation and cancer screening?; (2) Is acculturation related to breast cancer screening behaviors even when controlling for age and socioeconomic status variables?; (3) To what extent do cancer knowledge, beliefs about the chances of survival of cancer, and quality &health care mediate the relationships between acculturation, SES and cancer screening?; and (4) Does age have a direct effect on screening behaviors? Few studies have tested mediating processes involved in the relationship between age, acculturation, SES, and screening. Furthermore, we know of no published studies which have tested mediation models among a nationally representative sample of Latina women in the United States.

该研究旨在阐明年龄、社会经济地位（SES）和种族（特别是文化适应）对乳腺癌筛查测试的影响。各种研究记录了拉丁裔（西班牙裔）和非拉丁裔白人女性在乳腺癌发病率、死亡率以及生存率方面的差异。几项研究表明，老年拉丁裔女性接受的乳腺癌筛查测试少于非拉丁裔白人，这可能是观察到的乳腺癌死亡率和生存率差异的一些原因。对文化适应（移民群体拥护主流文化的价值观、信仰和行为的过程）的研究表明，拉丁裔文化价值观可能与筛选减少有关。其他研究表明，社会经济地位和其他结构因素导致了筛查的差异。拟议的研究将通过测试年龄、文化和社会经济地位因素对癌症筛查的影响以及介导这些影响的机制的理论模型，为拉丁裔女性乳腺癌筛查的文献做出重大贡献。该研究利用 1992 年全国健康访问调查的癌症控制补充资料中的数据，检查三种筛查行为：最近的临床乳房检查和乳房 X 光检查，以及乳房自我检查的频率。将解决以下研究问题：（1）年龄、文化适应和癌症筛查之间的关系是什么？ (2) 即使控制了年龄和社会经济地位变量，文化适应是否与乳腺癌筛查行为相关？ (3) 癌症知识、对癌症生存机会的信念以及质量和医疗保健在多大程度上调节文化适应、SES 和癌症筛查之间的关系？ (4)年龄对筛查行为有直接影响吗？很少有研究测试年龄、文化适应、社会经济地位和筛选之间关系的中介过程。此外，据我们所知，还没有已发表的研究在美国具有全国代表性的拉丁裔女性样本中测试了中介模型。