PROJ 1: UPR: 3 COHORTS OF WOMEN AT RISK OF HIV

项目 1：普遍定期审议：3 个面临艾滋病毒风险的女性群体

• 批准号: 7961263
• 负责人: ROSIMAR TORRES
• 金额: $ 20.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-24 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7961263
• 关键词: Antibodies; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child Abuse; Chlamydia; Clinic; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Counseling; Domestic Violence; Economics; Effectiveness; Ensure; Family Planning; Funding; Gonorrhea; Grant; HIV; HIV-1; Health; High Risk Woman; Hispanics; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Incidence; Institution; Intervention; Latino; Life Style; Minority; Participant; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Pre-Post Tests; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Puerto Rican; Puerto Rico; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Screening procedure; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Source; Study models; Test Result; Testing; Time; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Visit; Woman; base; cohort; depressive symptoms; experience; health belief; instrument; new technology; sex; tool

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Specific Aims and Results 1.0 To validate and culturally adapt the "Hispanic/Latino RESPECT", a newly developed HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk-reduction intervention. This intervention is based on the RESPECT-2, which is a study developed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Incorporating the rapid HIV test as part of its model, this study examined the effectiveness of pre- and post-test counseling in one visit. 1.1 To administer the intervention to women from 3 different cohorts: street sex workers and/or crack users (high risk); women referred from a sexually transmitted infection clinic (intermediate risk); and women who go to a family planning clinic (low risk). 1.2 To characterize the three groups in terms of sociodemographic and economic status, general health and lifestyle, sexual practices, the presence of a history of child abuse and/or domestic violence, depression symptoms, and health beliefs. 1.3 To determine the prevalence and incidence of HIV, gonorrhea, and chlamydia incidence and prevalence in the three cohorts. 2.0 To demonstrate the effectiveness of the "Hispanic/Latino RESPECT" utilizing the OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1 Antibody Test as an HIV screening and prevention strategy. Significance This study uses the rapid HIV test, which is a new technology. Interventions that incorporate this tool into their current practices are essential. Along with the testing itself, pre- and post-test counseling are provided at the same session, thus reducing the time and anxiety for a participant to wait for the test results. Existing interventions provide the framework and experience for the application to specific minority populations; however, culturally adapting instruments is essential to ensure effectiveness. Many behavioral interventions and counseling's that are intended to reduce HIV risk have proven to be effective in diverse populations. The RESPECT-2 intervention, developed by the CDC for English-speaking populations, was translated into Spanish and culturally adapted to the Puerto Rican population. The RESPECT-2 uses the rapid HIV test to reduce the time and number of visits.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 具体目标和结果 1.0 验证并在文化上适应“西班牙裔/拉丁裔尊重”，这是一种新开发的艾滋病毒和性传播感染 (STI) 风险降低干预措施。该干预措施基于疾病控制中心 (CDC) 开发的 RESPECT-2 研究。这项研究将快速艾滋病毒检测作为其模型的一部分，一次性检查了检测前和检测后咨询的有效性。 1.1 对来自 3 个不同群体的女性进行干预：街头性工作者和/或吸毒者（高风险）；从性传播感染诊所转诊的妇女（中度风险）；以及去计划生育诊所就诊的女性（低风险）。 1.2 从社会人口和经济状况、一般健康和生活方式、性行为、虐待儿童和/或家庭暴力史、抑郁症状和健康信念等方面描述这三个群体的特征。 1.3 确定三个队列中艾滋病毒、淋病和衣原体的患病率和患病率。 2.0 利用 OraQuick Advance 快速 HIV-1 抗体检测作为 HIV 筛查和预防策略，证明“西班牙裔/拉丁裔尊重”的有效性。 意义 这项研究使用了快速艾滋病毒检测，这是一项新技术。将这一工具纳入当前实践的干预措施至关重要。除了测试本身之外，测试前和测试后咨询也在同一阶段提供，从而减少了参与者等待测试结果的时间和焦虑。现有干预措施提供了适用于特定少数群体的框架和经验；然而，适应文化的工具对于确保有效性至关重要。 许多旨在降低艾滋病毒风险的行为干预和咨询已被证明对不同人群有效。 RESPECT-2 干预措施由 CDC 为英语人群开发，已被翻译成西班牙语，并在文化上适应了波多黎各人群。 RESPECT-2 使用快速 HIV 检测来减少就诊时间和次数。