Stress, Autonomic Reactivity, and Mental Health in Low Income, Latino Children

低收入拉丁裔儿童的压力、自主反应性和心理健康

• 批准号: 7924643
• 负责人: Abbey Diane Alkon
• 金额: $ 6.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7924643
• 关键词: 5 year old; 7 year old; Address; Affect; Age-Years; Aggressive behavior; Agriculture; Autonomic nervous system; Biological; Biology; Birth; California; Caregivers; Child; Child Development; Cohort Studies; Communities; Complex; Crowding; Data Analyses; Development; Economics; Environment; Exposure to; Extended Family; Face; Family; Health; Heart Rate; Home visitation; House Call; Housing; Immigrant; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intercept; Latino; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mothers; National Research Council; Neighborhoods; Neurons; Noise; Normal Range; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Physiological; Population; Populations at Risk; Poverty; Prevention; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Science; Shapes; Stress; Sympathetic Nervous System; Symptoms; Time; Withdrawal; base; depressive symptoms; early childhood; early experience; environmental stressor; experience; fighting; high risk; improved; infancy; public health relevance; response; social; stressor; teacher; therapy development; vigilance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Immigrant children living in poverty are disproportionately exposed to family/social, economic, cultural, and community level adversities. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) responds to adversities or stressors by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system (the flight or fight response) and withdrawal of the parasympathetic nervous system (the resting response). Autonomic reactivity, a measure of this physiologic response, may be influenced by early adversities and may function as a moderator of vulnerabilities (e.g., mental health problems) later in life. Because there are no prior longitudinal studies, it is not known if young children's exposure to cumulative adversities, from infancy to five years of age, affects their biologic patterns of resting and response to challenge by five years of age and if these biologic responses affect children's later mental health. The Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) is a longitudinal birth cohort study (born in 2000) of approximately 500 economically impoverished immigrant Latino mothers and children living in the agricultural community of the Salinas Valley, CA. This population is at high risk for mental health problems. At multiple points (6 months, 1, 2, 31/2, 5, 7 years), we collected information from the mothers and from home visits on many environmental stressors. On 389 of these children, we also conducted assessments of resting and reactivity measures of ANS. When the children were seven years of age, we collected information on their symptoms of aggression and depression, as rated by their mothers, teachers and themselves. This application aims to conduct secondary data analyses to examine the relationship between changes in exposure to adversities and changes in autonomic resting and reactivity measures from six months to five years of age and to determine whether their autonomic trajectory predicts symptoms of aggression and depression at seven years of age. The proposed study will directly address the call of the recent IOM, From Neurons to Neighborhoods, for additional research to examine the interaction between biology and experience in understanding child development. Our research findings may provide key information about children's resiliency/vulnerability and prevention of mental health problems in this growing at-risk population. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Poor, immigrant children exposed to many family/social, economic, cultural, and community adversities during the first five years of life may develop a dampened or heightened physiologic response to their environment. Also, children with slow heart rates at five years of age may develop symptoms of aggression, while children with fast heart rates may develop symptoms of depression by school-age.

描述（由申请人提供）：生活在贫困中的移民儿童对家庭/社会，经济，文化和社区层面的逆境不成比例。自主神经系统（ANS）通过激活交感神经系统（飞行或战斗反应）和副交感神经神经系统（静止反应）来应对逆境或压力源。自主性反应性是对这种生理反应的衡量标准，可能会受到早期逆境的影响，并且可能在以后的生活中充当脆弱性的主持人（例如，心理健康问题）。由于先前没有纵向研究，因此尚不清楚幼儿对从婴儿期到五岁的累积逆境暴露会影响他们在五岁时休息和对挑战的生物学模式，并且这些生物学反应是否会影响儿童后来的心理健康。萨利纳斯（Chamacos）的母亲和子女的健康评估中心是一项纵向出生队列研究（生于2000年），该研究约有500名经济贫穷的移民拉丁裔母亲和儿童居住在加利福尼亚州萨利纳斯山谷的农业社区。该人群面临精神健康问题的高风险。在多个点（6个月，1、2、31/2、5、7年）中，我们从母亲那里收集了信息，并从家庭探访中就许多环境压力源收集了信息。在这些孩子的389个孩子中，我们还对ANS的静止和反应性测量进行了评估。当孩子七岁时，我们收集了有关他们的母亲，老师和他们自己的侵略性和抑郁症状的信息。该应用程序旨在进行次要数据分析，以检查暴露于逆境的变化与六个月到五岁的自主静止和反应性测量的变化之间的关系，并确定其自主轨迹是否预测了七岁时的侵略性和抑郁症状。拟议中的研究将直接解决从神经元到社区的最近IOM的呼吁，以进行其他研究，以研究生物学与理解儿童发育方面的经验之间的相互作用。我们的研究结果可能会提供有关儿童的弹性/脆弱性以及预防这种高危人群中心理健康问题的关键信息。 公共卫生的相关性：在生命的头五年中，贫穷的移民儿童可能会对其环境产生衰退或增强的生理反应。此外，五岁时心率缓慢的儿童可能会出现侵略症状，而心率快的儿童可能会因学龄儿童而出现抑郁症状。