Neurocognitive Mechanisms Linking Early Parent-Child Relationship Quality to Transdiagnostic Psychopathology at School Age

将早期亲子关系质量与学龄跨诊断精神病理学联系起来的神经认知机制

• 批准号: 10607038
• 负责人: Eric Phillips
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10607038
• 关键词: 2 year old; 5 year old; 7 year old; Address; Affect; Age; Child; Child Development; Communication; Development; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Early Intervention; Early identification; Emotional; Etiology; Exclusion; Executive Dysfunction; Exhibits; Family; Father-Child Relations; Fathers; Impairment; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Link; Literature; Longevity; Maintenance; Measures; Mediator; Mental disorders; Methods; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Neurocognitive; Neuronal Plasticity; Nursery Schools; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Play; Preschool Child; Prevention; Properdin; Psychopathology; Quality of Care; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Severities; Symptoms; Testing; Toddler; Work; caregiving; cohort; critical period; early childhood; early onset; emotion dysregulation; executive function; experience; infancy; meetings; modifiable risk; negative affect; neglect; parental influence; prevent; research and development; theories; therapy development

Project Summary/Abstract Earlier onset of a psychiatric disorder is associated with an increased likelihood of meeting criteria for additional disorders and impaired functioning across the lifespan. Thus, efforts aimed at preventing or reducing the development and maintenance of psychopathology early in life are of great value, especially when focused on identifying early modifiable risk factors and mechanisms most salient to its development. The overall objective of the present study is to investigate how the parent-child relationship across infancy and toddlerhood – a sensitive period consisting of increased neuroplasticity and sensitivity to the quality of the caregiving relationship – ultimately impacts the development of transdiagnostic psychopathology and its underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Additionally, to address the dearth of research on the importance of fathers on children’s development, we will examine the unique contributions of both mothers and fathers in the development of children’s psychopathology and its underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Based on prior theory and empirical evidence, we hypothesize that preschool executive control will be a mechanism through which the quality of both the mother-child and father-child relationship in infancy and toddlerhood impacts the development of the p-factor, a general shared dimension of symptoms that underlies nearly all forms of psychopathology. To test this hypothesis, the integrative, comprehensive construct of mutually responsive orientation (MRO) will be observed in both the mother-child and father-child relationships during infancy and toddlerhood as predictors of child executive control in preschool and the general factor of psychopathology at school age. MRO captures a dyadic level of relationship quality comprised of coordinated routines, harmonious communication, mutual cooperation, and emotional ambience (high MRO) and maladaptive qualities of the relationship such as hostile communication, lack of responsiveness, and high levels of negative affect (low MRO). Study aims will be pursued in an established sample of 159 families (mother, father, and child) who have completed observational paradigms when the target child was 1 and 2 years of age. Preschool executive control will be measured using a comprehensive, laboratory battery of nine executive functioning tasks at age 5 years. Child general psychopathology will be measured using both mother and father reports of well-validated, reliable, and developmentally appropriate psychopathology questionnaires of child internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and emotion dysregulation when participating children turn 7 years of age. Findings are expected to identify modifiable targets for developmentally informed prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing executive dysfunction and the subsequent development of nearly all forms of psychopathology across the lifespan.

项目摘要/摘要 精神疾病的早期发作与满足标准的可能性增加有关 整个寿命的其他疾病和功能受损。这是旨在防止或减少的努力 生命早期的心理病理学的发展和维护具有很大的价值，尤其是当专注于 确定早期可修改的危险因素和机制最为突出其发展的机制。总体 本研究的目的是研究在婴儿期间的亲子关系如何 幼儿 - 一个敏感的时期，包括提高神经可塑性和对质量的敏感性 护理关系 - 最终影响了转诊性心理病理学及其的发展 潜在的神经认知机制。此外，解决研究死亡的重要性 关于儿童发展的父亲，我们将研究母亲和父亲在 儿童心理病理学及其基本神经认知机制的发展。基于先验 理论和经验证据，我们假设学龄前的执行控制将是一种机制 婴儿期和幼儿的母子和父子关系的质量都会影响 p因子的开发，这是符号的一般共享维度，该符号几乎是所有形式的基础 心理病理学。为了检验这一假设，相互响应的综合，全面的结构 在婴儿期和 幼儿作为学龄前儿童执行控制的预测因素，是心理病理学的一般因素 学龄。 MRO捕获了二元的关系质量质量完成的协调习惯，和谐 沟通，相互合作和情感氛围（高度MRO）和适应不良的品质 诸如敌对沟通，缺乏响应能力和高水平的负面影响等关系（低 MRO）。研究目标将在159个家庭（母亲，父亲和儿童）的既定样本中进行。 当目标儿童1岁和2岁时，已经完成了观察范例。学龄前高管 控制将使用5岁的九个执行任务的全面实验室电池进行测量 年。儿童一般心理病理学将使用父母和父亲的报告衡量， 可靠且开发适当的儿童内在化问题的心理病理学问卷， 外在的问题和情绪失调时，儿童年满7岁。发现是 预计将确定可修改的目标，以实现开发知情的预防和干预工作 减少执行功能障碍以及随后几乎所有形式的心理病理学的发展 整个生命周期。