Perception of Competing Talkers by the Hearing-Impaired

听力障碍者对相互竞争的谈话者的看法

• 批准号: 7254769
• 负责人: CAROL L MACKERSIE
• 金额: $ 7.26万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7254769
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; Auditory; Auditory system; Characteristics; Cochlear Implants; Cognitive; Condition; Cueing for speech; Cues; Frequencies; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Implant; Individual; Lead; Length; Linguistics; Masks; Measures; Nature; Noise; Numbers; Pattern; Perception; Perceptual Masking; Periodicity; Peripheral; Physiological; Predisposition; Process; Range; Rate; Relative (related person); Reliance; Resolution; Simulate; Source; Speech; Speech Perception; Stream; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Training; Weight; base; computerized data processing; density; design; hearing impairment; improved; perceptual organization; remediation; research study; segregation; sound; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The general goal of this project is to identify and compare factors that influence speech recognition in competing talker backgrounds by listeners with hearing loss. The project will emphasize factors known to promote perceptual segregation of competing sounds in normal hearing listeners with particular focus on sentence segregation based on differences in fundamental frequency (FO), vocal tract length, and speaking rate. Aim 1 is to determine the relations between speech recognition in multi-talker backgrounds and two non-speech measures of auditory function: frequency selectivity, and sequential stream segregation. The number of competing talkers will be varied in order to explore the interplay between peripheral and perceptual masking. Aim 2 is to quantify the contributions of differences in talker fundamental frequency, vocal tract length, and speaking rate to the perceptual segregation of talkers by listeners with hearing loss. Aim 3 is to do the same for listeners with simulated cochlear implants. The number of simulated implant channels and maximum modulation rate within channels will be varied to determine the relative contributions of spectral and temporal cues. It is hypothesized that temporal segregation cues based on talker differences in speaking rate will be the most effective segregation cue for people with hearing loss and simulated cochlear implants. Aim 4 is to determine the extent to which listeners with hearing loss can use fundamental frequency excursion range within a talker to segregate the speech of two talkers, and to evaluate the interaction of within- and between-talker cues. The identification of factors involved in the perception of speech in competing-talker backgrounds by listeners with hearing loss is needed to develop improved remediation strategies for hearing loss. These remediation strategies may include improved hearing aid and cochlear implant signal processing designed to preserve cues that enhance talker separation, therapeutic strategies to address specific perceptual deficits, and training approaches aimed at strengthening listeners' reliance on under-weighted cues to speech perception.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的总体目标是识别和比较影响听力损失听众在竞争说话者背景中语音识别的因素。该项目将强调已知的促进正常听力听众对竞争声音进行感知分离的因素，特别关注基于基频（FO）、声道长度和语速差异的句子分离。目标 1 是确定多说话者背景下的语音识别与听觉功能的两个非语音测量之间的关系：频率选择性和顺序流隔离。为了探索外围掩蔽和知觉掩蔽之间的相互作用，竞争谈话者的数量将有所不同。目标 2 是量化说话者基频、声道长度和语速差异对听力损失听众对说话者感知隔离的影响。目标 3 是为佩戴模拟人工耳蜗的听众做同样的事情。模拟植入通道的数量和通道内的最大调制速率将发生变化，以确定频谱和时间线索的相对贡献。据推测，基于说话者语速差异的时间隔离线索将是对于听力损失和模拟人工耳蜗患者来说最有效的隔离线索。目标 4 是确定听力损失的听众可以在多大程度上使用讲话者内的基频偏移范围来区分两个讲话者的语音，并评估讲话者内部和之间线索的相互作用。需要识别听力损失听众在竞争谈话者背景下的言语感知所涉及的因素，以制定改进的听力损失补救策略。这些补救策略可能包括改进助听器和人工耳蜗信号处理，旨在保留增强说话者分离的线索，解决特定知觉缺陷的治疗策略，以及旨在加强听者对语音感知的加权不足线索的依赖的培训方法。