Prospective Studies of Avian Influenza Transmission in Asia

亚洲禽流感传播的前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 7878915
• 负责人: Gregory Charles Gray
• 金额: $ 6.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-15 至 2009-12-09
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7878915
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Area; Asia; Avian Influenza; Behavioral; Belgium; Birds; Cambodia; Canada; Cessation of life; China; Clinical; Complex; Confidence Intervals; Containment; Contracts; Country; Data; Detection; Development; Disease model; Domestic Animals; Domestic Fowls; Dose; Ducks; Egypt; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Family; Family member; Family suidae; Felis catus; Future; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gender; Gray unit of radiation dose; Grouping; H7N7; Health Professional; Home visitation; Hong Kong; House Call; Human; Incidence; Indonesia; Industry; Infection; Influenza; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); International; Intervention; Invaded; Japan; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Laos; Life; Little' s Disease; London; Maps; Marketing; Measures; Meat; Modeling; Monitor; Netherlands; New York; Odds Ratio; Oseltamivir; Outcome; Participant; Pathogenicity; Persons; Policies; Population; Preparation; Prevalence; Process; Production; Prospective Studies; Province; Public Health; Published Comment; Quarantine; Questionnaires; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Serological; Seroprevalences; Serum; Site; South Korea; Study Subject; Swab; Techniques; Thailand; Tigers; Time; United States; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vietnam; Viral; Virginia; Virus; Work; World Health Organization; age difference; age group; base; biosecurity; cohort; college; design; domestic bird; economic impact; experience; farmer; flu transmission; follow-up; high risk; human disease; influenza epidemic; influenza outbreak; influenzavirus; innovation; man; mathematical model; meetings; mortality; pandemic disease; pandemic influenza; professor; response; success; symposium; transmission process; virus identification

Prospective Studies of Avian Influenza Transmission in Asia The H5N1 avian influenza epidemic that has ravaged multiple species in Asia, now threatens the United States. National response plans call for aggressive human case identification, antiviral use, isolation, and possibly quarantine. The mathematical models upon which the pandemic plans rely lack fundamental objective data such as transmission rates and virus infectiousness. As human disease detection in Asia is based upon clinical encounters, little is known regarding subclinical infections or risk factors for H5N1 infection. Our long term goa/in this proposed research is to epidemiologically describe clinical and subclinical H5N1 transmission such that public health officials might design appropriate H5N1 surveillance and control measures. In this effort we will conduct a controlled, three-year, prospective study of H5N1 transmission among 900 adults occupationally exposed to poultry (poultry farmers, poultry industry workers, meat processing workers, open poultry market workers), and 300 age-group and gender matched non-exposed controls living in three H5N1 endemic areas in Asia: Tangerang, Indonesia; Bali, Indonesia; and Kandaal Province, Cambodia. The study will involve aggressive active surveillance for influenza-like illness among study participants (with nasopharyngeal swab and serum sampling), annual serial serological follow-up of participants, and through home visits, similar studies of the family members exposed to study subjects who develops influenza infection. Microneutralization serologic techniques, RT-PCR, and viral culture will be used to determine influenza infection outcomes. Our objectives are to determine the seroprevalence of evidence of previous H5N1 influenza infection, to estimate the annual incidence of H5N1 influenza infection, to estimate secondary H5N1 influenza infection rates, and to determine risk factors for H5N1 influenza infection. Based upon preliminary data, our central hypotheses are that H5N1 influenza infection will be frequent among these workers, that we will be able to estimate the prevalence and incidence of H5N1 infection, and that we will be able to identify persons at highest risk of H5N1 infection. We are particularly well-suited to conduct this work as we have extensive experience conducting both epidemiological and laboratory-based studies of influenza transmission, and we have exceptional cooperation among public health officials nationally and locally at the field sites. This study is innovative in that no such prospective studies of avian influenza infection have been performed among those person's occupationally exposed to poultry in H5N1 endemic sites.

对亚洲禽流感传播的前瞻性研究 H5N1鸟类流感流行病已经破坏了亚洲多种物种，现在威胁着曼联 国家。国家响应计划要求对人类案例识别，抗病毒，隔离和 可能是隔离的。大流行计划依赖的数学模型缺乏基本 客观数据，例如传播率和病毒感染性。由于亚洲的人类疾病检测是 基于临床相遇，关于H5N1的亚临床感染或危险因素知之甚少 感染。我们的长期果阿/在这项拟议的研究中是流行病学描述临床和 亚临床H5N1传输使公共卫生官员可能会设计适当的H5N1监视 和控制措施。 在这项工作中，我们将对900的H5N1传播进行了三年的前瞻性研究 成人职业暴露于家禽（家禽农民，家禽行业工人，肉类加工工人， 开放式家禽市场工人），以及300个年龄组和性别匹配的非暴露对照组 亚洲的H5N1流行地区：印度尼西亚坦德朗；印度尼西亚巴厘岛；和柬埔寨坎达尔省。这 研究将涉及研究参与者中类似流感样疾病的积极主动监测（与 鼻咽拭子和血清抽样），参与者的年度系列血清学随访，并通过 家庭访问，对暴露于发展流感的研究对象的家庭成员的类似研究 感染。微中性化血清学技术，RT-PCR和病毒培养将用于确定 流感感染结果。我们的目标是确定以前的证据的血清阳性 H5N1流感感染，以估计H5N1流感感染的年发病率，以估计 继发性H5N1流感感染率，并确定H5N1流感感染的危险因素。基于 根据初步数据，我们的中心假设是H5N1流感感染将经常存在 工人，我们将能够估计H5N1感染的患病率和发病率，并且我们将成为 能够识别患有H5N1感染风险最高的人。 我们特别适合进行这项工作，因为我们拥有丰富的经验 流感传播的流行病学和实验室研究，我们有非凡的 全国和本地公共卫生官员在现场的合作。这项研究具有创新性 在这些人的 在H5N1地方性地点暴露于家禽的职业。