Alcohol Involvement in Asian American Men and Women

亚裔美国男性和女性的饮酒情况

基本信息

批准号：
7584716
负责人：
TAMARA L WALL
金额：
$ 64万
依托单位：
VETERANS MEDICAL RESEARCH FDN/SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-10 至 2011-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7584716
关键词：
19 year old Address Adult Affect Age Age of Onset Alcohol Phenotype Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dehydrogenase Alcohol dependence Alcoholism Alcohols Alleles Asian Americans Asians Behavior Behavioral California Caucasians Caucasoid Race Chinese People Complex Data Dependence Development Disease Elements Environment Environmental Risk Factor Ethanol Metabolism Ethnic Origin Etiology European Expectancy Family history of Female General Population Genes Genetic Genetic Polymorphism Genotype Heavy Drinking High Prevalence Individual Korean American Koreans Lead Learning Measures Mediating Outcome Parents Participant Pathway interactions Phenotype Population Prevention Process Religion Religion and Spirituality Research Risk Sampling Siblings Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Staging Testing Twin Studies Universities Variant Woman alcohol behavior alcohol consequences alcohol response alcohol use disorder alcoholism prevention aldehyde dehydrogenases anti social college drinking drinking behavior emerging adult endophenotype gene environment interaction gene interaction men peer programs public health relevance racial and ethnic disparities sex university student

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcoholism (alcohol abuse and dependence) is a common disorder with a peak age of onset in early adulthood and a complex etiology. Twin studies comprised predominantly of participants of European Caucasian ancestry have shown genetic factors contribute 40-60 percent of the risk for the development of alcohol dependence in both sexes. Yet, very little is currently known about how genetic influences on alcoholism are mediated or moderated (e.g., gene-environment interactions). The aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH2 gene, to date, has the strongest and most consistent associations with alcohol dependence. The variant ALDH2*2 allele is found in high prevalence, and almost exclusively, in Asian populations. Using a sample of 18-19 year-old Chinese and Korean American college students, the proposed study aims to prospectively test key elements of a mechanistic pathway hypothesized to explain how possession of ALDH2*2 alleles protect individuals against alcohol use disorders (AUDs). It is hypothesized ALDH2*2 will lead to heightened responses to alcohol, reduced positive expectancies about alcohol, and decreased rates of use, heavy use, and adverse drinking consequences. The proposed study also aims to test for potential moderators of the relationships between ALDH2*2 and alcohol involvement variables. It is hypothesized that being female, Korean, highly acculturated, highly religious, highly antisocial, highly behaviorally undercontrolled, with greater negative affect, with a family history of AUDs, with parents who drink more heavily, with siblings who drink more heavily, with peers who drink more heavily, and without ADH1B*2 alleles will decrease the effect sizes of ALDH2*2. An exploratory aim of the proposed study is to examine other ADH and ALDH gene polymorphisms for associations with alcohol involvement variables. Findings from this research will provide important information about the developmental course of alcohol use and alcohol problems in an understudied population, Asian American men and women, during a period of high environmental risk for drinking behavior (college attendance). The identification of gene modifiers using explicitly measured variables will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay of factors and processes involved in the etiology of alcohol involvement. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results from this study will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the causal relationship between the ALDH2 gene and the progression of alcohol-related behaviors, as well as the complex interplay of factors and processes involved in the etiology of alcohol involvement. Insofar as much remains to be learned about the etiology of alcoholism in the general population, these findings will contribute to a greater understanding of racial and ethnic disparities in the causes and consequences of alcohol involvement and the generalizability of findings across groups. Through this understanding, findings from the proposed research have the potential to lead to more effective prevention of alcoholism.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精中毒（酒精滥用和酒精依赖）是一种常见疾病，发病高峰年龄为成年早期，病因复杂。主要由欧洲白种人血统的参与者组成的双胞胎研究表明，遗传因素对两性产生酒精依赖的风险有 40-60% 的影响。然而，目前对于遗传对酗酒的影响是如何介导或调节的（例如基因与环境的相互作用）知之甚少。迄今为止，乙醛脱氢酶 ALDH2 基因与酒精依赖具有最强且最一致的关联。变体 ALDH2*2 等位基因在亚洲人群中发病率很高，而且几乎只在亚洲人群中存在。该拟议研究以 18-19 岁的华裔和韩裔美国大学生为样本，旨在前瞻性地测试假设的机制途径的关键要素，该机制旨在解释拥有 ALDH2*2 等位基因如何保护个体免受酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的影响。据推测，ALDH2*2 会导致对酒精的反应增强、对酒精的积极预期降低、使用率、大量使用和不良饮酒后果降低。拟议的研究还旨在测试 ALDH2*2 与酒精参与变量之间关系的潜在调节因素。据推测，女性、韩国人、文化程度高、宗教信仰高、反社会性高、行为高度不受控制、负面影响更大、有澳元家族史、父母酗酒、兄弟姐妹酗酒、有同龄人饮酒较多且没有 ADH1B*2 等位基因的人会降低 ALDH2*2 的效应大小。本研究的探索性目的是检查其他 ADH 和 ALDH 基因多态性与酒精参与变量的关联。这项研究的结果将提供有关受研究人群（亚裔美国男性和女性）在饮酒行为高环境风险时期（上大学）的饮酒和酒精问题的发展过程的重要信息。使用明确测量的变量来识别基因修饰剂将提供对酒精病因学中涉及的因素和过程的复杂相互作用的更全面的理解。公共健康相关性：这项研究的结果将有助于更全面地了解 ALDH2 基因与酒精相关行为进展之间的因果关系，以及酒精病因学中涉及的因素和过程的复杂相互作用。就一般人群中酗酒的病因学而言，还有很多有待了解的地方，这些发现将有助于更好地了解酗酒原因和后果方面的种族和民族差异，以及不同群体的研究结果的普遍性。通过这种理解，拟议研究的结果有可能更有效地预防酗酒。