Aging and social decision-making: a Neuroeconomic approach

老龄化与社会决策：神经经济学方法

• 批准号: 7484076
• 负责人: ALAN SANFEY
• 金额: $ 9.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7484076
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Ally; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Decision Making; Depth; Disadvantaged; Discipline; Economics; Elderly; Emotional; Facility Construction Funding Category; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Health Planning; Healthcare; Human; Individual; Influentials; Investigation; Judgment; Knowledge; Life; Literature; Longevity; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Neurosciences; Older Population; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pattern; Persons; Plant Roots; Policies; Population; Process; Psychology; Purpose; Research; Research Personnel; Retirement; Series; Social Interaction; Specific qualifier value; System; Techniques; Testing; Trust; Variant; Work; age group; base; cognitive function; college; insight; interest; neuroeconomics; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project proposes a series of experiments that will contribute to the burgeoning field of the neuroeconomics of aging, which attempts understand the component processes of decision-making across the lifespan by examining both behavior and the underlying neural substrates. The proposed studies seek to begin specifying the mechanisms of decisions, in particular the deliberative and affective components that make up the decision-making process. Affective influences on decision-making have been largely ignored for many years, but recent interest in how our emotional states can affect the type of decisions we make offer an exciting opportunity to broaden our knowledge of this most important process. Further, examining the degree to which affective and deliberative processing differentially influence decision-making across the lifespan can provide important clues for the assessment of these basic cognitive functions. Specifically, the proposed experiments will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain function of people engaged in economic decision-making. This proposal builds on previous work by the author examining the processes underlying human decision-making in a consequential social interaction with another person. These studies have found reliable, independent patterns of neural activity corresponding to affective and deliberative biases, and shown that subsequent decisions appear to be based on these different motives. In the present proposal, hypotheses generated in this previous study will be systematically tested. Experiments using fMRI and variants of Ultimatum and Trust Games will explore in greater depth the degree to which affective and deliberative processes influence decisions in both young and older populations. The field of neuroeconomics is growing rapidly as researchers from many different and disparate areas seek to understand the neural basis of human decision-making behavior. It allows the study of individuals in meaningful social interactions allied to sophisticated methodological and technological approaches enabling investigation at various levels, from behavioral responses to the neural activity that underlie them. This approach offers a valuable method by which to assess how decision-making operates across the lifespan, and this research can have immediate impact in terms of better understanding real-life decisions faced by elderly populations in a variety of important domains.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目提出了一系列实验，这些实验将有助于衰老的神经经济学的新兴领域，这些实验试图通过检查行为和潜在的神经基质来了解整个寿命的决策过程。拟议的研究试图开始指定决策的机制，特别是构成决策过程的审议和情感组成部分。多年来，对决策的影响在很大程度上被忽略了，但是最近对我们的情绪状态如何影响决策类型的兴趣我们提供了一个令人兴奋的机会，以扩大我们对这一最重要过程的了解。此外，研究情感和审议的处理对整个生命周期中的决策做出差异化的程度可以为评估这些基本认知功能提供重要的线索。具体而言，拟议的实验将使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来衡量从事经济决策的人的大脑功能。这项提案是基于作者的先前工作，研究了与他人的社会互动相关的社会互动中基础的过程。这些研究发现，与情感和审议偏见相对应的神经活动的可靠，独立的模式，并表明随后的决策似乎是基于这些不同动机。在本提案中，将对先前研究中产生的假设进行系统测试。使用fMRI和最后通atum和信任游戏变体的实验将在更深入的探索程度上探索情感和审议过程影响年轻人和老年人群的决策的程度。 随着来自许多不同和不同领域的研究人员寻求了解人类决策行为的神经基础，神经经济学领域正在迅速发展。它允许对有意义的社会互动中的个体进行研究，与复杂的方法论和技术方法相关，从而在各个层面上进行研究，从行为反应到基于它们的神经活动。这种方法提供了一种有价值的方法来评估决策如何在整个生命周期中运作，并且这项研究可能会在更好地理解各种重要领域的老年人口所面临的现实生活决策方面立即产生影响。