Measuring Active Vision in Toddlers and Young Children

测量幼儿和幼儿的主动视力

基本信息

批准号：
7344718
负责人：
LINDA B. SMITH
金额：
$ 14.5万
依托单位：
TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-02-01 至 2010-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7344718
关键词：
3-Dimensional Age-Months Behavior Caregivers Child Cognitive Communication Complex Computer software Data Development Development, Other Devices Disease Early Diagnosis Environment Eye Freedom Funding Mechanisms Goals Hand Head Human Human Development Image Individual Infant Intelligence Intervention Knowledge Language Language Development Learning Linguistics Measures Methods Monitor Mothers Motor Movement Numbers Perception Persons Play Positioning Attribute Procedures Process Range Relative (related person)Research Research Personnel Resolution Robot Role Scanning Sensory Shoulder Social Development Structure System Techniques Therapeutic Intervention Time Toddler Toy Video Recording Vision Visual Visual Fields Visual attention Walking active vision experience gaze insight motor control programs remediation research study sensor skills social visual information visual process visual processing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Understanding the regularities in the learning environment, how they differ among individuals, and how individuals through their own behaviors create those differences are essential to understanding typical and atypical courses of development, to developing remediation and intervention procedures. The proposed research develops a new method to study the dynamic visual environment of infants and toddlers, from the first-person view. Progress has been limited by several technical problems including: (1) recording devices that will be tolerated by young children and (2) the number of independent degrees of freedom in eye, head, and body movements. We believe we can solve these technical problems. The research has three specific aims within the goal of studying active vision in children 10 to 36 months of age: (1) to develop a system through which one can measure the dynamic first-person visual field (via a small camera on the head of the child), the direction of eye gaze in that field (via additional cameras and software that track eye position), and also head, hand and body movements (via position sensors placed on the head, shoulders and hands); (2) to determine the spatial and temporal resolution of the head-camera image relative to the child's perceptual field; (3) to demonstrate the utility and functionality of the system in two different task contexts - mother-infant toy play at a table and free play with ambulatory movements. This new method promises fundamental new insights about the learning environment and the development of dynamic visual processes in the context of a 3-dimensional physical and social world, the context in which children build social, language and cognitive skills. The proposed new method has significant biomedical relevance for the early detection of attentional disorders, for studying their cascading consequences in social, cognitive and linguistic development, and for developing new therapies and interventions that generalize to the complex natural environment

描述（由申请人提供）：了解学习环境中的规律性，个人之间的差异以及个人如何通过自己的行为造成这些差异对于理解典型和非典型发展过程至关重要，以制定补救和干预程序。拟议的研究开发了一种新的方法，可以从第一人称视图中研究婴儿和幼儿的动态视觉环境。进度受到几个技术问题的限制，包括：（1）记录幼儿可以忍受的设备以及（2）眼睛，头部和身体运动中独立自由度的数量。我们相信我们可以解决这些技术问题。这项研究的目标是研究10至36个月大的儿童的积极视力的三个特定目标：（1）开发一个系统，可以通过该系统来测量动态的第一人称视野（通过儿童头上的小型相机），眼睛凝视该领域的方向（通过该领域（通过其他相机和轨道位置），以及将眼睛的位置和身体移动（以及将其放置在轨道上），以及将其放置在位置和身体上的动作，以及将其放置在方向上，以及小动手的特性和小动手，以及应有的脚部，以及应有的脚步，以及应有的脚步，以及小动手; （2）确定头部相机图像相对于孩子的感知场的空间和时间分辨率；（3）在两个不同的任务上下文中演示系统的实用性和功能 - 母亲玩具在桌子上玩耍，并在卧床运动中免费玩耍。这种新方法承诺在三维物理和社会世界的背景下，关于学习环境和动态视觉过程的发展的基本新见解，即孩子们建立社会，语言和认知技能的背景。拟议的新方法对于早期发现注意力障碍具有重要的生物医学相关性，用于研究其在社会，认知和语言发展中的级联后果，以及开发新的疗法和干预措施，这些疗法和干预措施将其推广到复杂的自然环境中