Operant Analysis of Self-Control

自我控制的操作分析

• 批准号: 7638975
• 负责人: HOWARD RACHLIN
• 金额: $ 24.4万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7638975
• 关键词: Abstinence; Age; Behavior; Behavior Control; Biological; Columbidae; Conflict (Psychology); Decision Making; Development; Economics; Fostering; Frequencies; Future; Gender; Genetic; Grant; Health; Human; Individual; Laboratories; Measures; Methods; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Play; Prisoner' s Dilemma; Probability; Procedures; Psychological reinforcement; Publishing; Research; Rewards; Self-control as a personality trait; Series; Smoking; Surface; Testing; Time; Ursidae Family; Work; abstracting; addiction; age effect; base; case-based; cigarette smoking; discount; discounting; human subject; interest; method development; public health relevance; research study; social; social cooperation; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): During the current grant period, using human subjects, my lab has developed and studied social discounting (relating it to both delay and probability discounting). Over the next five years I intend to continue to develop this measure, to incorporate it into a discounting surface including delay and probability discounting, and to study its correlates (with age, gender, cigarette smoking, genetic relatedness, religiosity). Also, during the current grant period, using both human and pigeon subjects, my lab has studied methods to enhance social cooperation in games such as prisoner's dilemma games, public goods games, ultimatum and dictator games. Assuming my social view of addiction is correct (that addicts are failing to cooperate with their future selves) such methods would be directly applicable to addiction. We have found that cooperation in these social games tends to correlate with degree of social discounting - the less cooperation (the more defection) the steeper the social discounting. Over the next grant period we intend to continue these studies focusing on methods to enhance cooperation. Based on the completed and proposed lab work, I will continue to develop the above theory of addiction, self-control, and social cooperation as well as its applications. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed experiments will study the relation between self-interest, social interest, and social cooperation. Their relevance to addiction, hence to national health, depends on a view of addicts as deficient in a form of social cooperativeness; addicts fail to cooperate with their future selves.

描述（由申请人提供）：在当前赠款期间，使用人类受试者，我的实验室已经开发并研究了社会折扣（将其与延迟和概率折现有关）。在接下来的五年中，我打算继续制定这一措施，将其纳入折扣表面，包括延迟和概率折扣，并研究其相关性（随着年龄，性别，吸烟，遗传相关性，宗教信仰）。同样，在当前赠款期间，使用人类和鸽子的主题，我的实验室研究了方法，以增强诸如囚犯的困境游戏，公共物品游戏，最后通atum和独裁者游戏等游戏中的社会合作。假设我对成瘾的社会观点是正确的（成瘾者未能与他们的未来自我合作），这种方法将直接适用于成瘾。我们发现，在这些社交游戏中的合作往往与社会折扣程度相关 - 合作（叛逆越多），社会折扣就越陡。在下一个赠款期间，我们打算继续这些研究，重点是增强合作的方法。根据完成和拟议的实验室工作，我将继续发展上述成瘾，自我控制和社会合作及其应用理论。公共卫生相关性：拟议的实验将研究自身利益，社会利益和社会合作之间的关系。因此，它们与成瘾的相关性，因此与国家卫生的相关性取决于对成瘾者的看法，因为他们以社会合作的形式不足；吸毒者无法与未来的自我合作。