Operant Analysis of Self-Control

自我控制的操作分析

• 批准号: 8264010
• 负责人: HOWARD RACHLIN
• 金额: $ 26.44万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8264010
• 关键词: Abstinence; Age; Behavior; Behavior Control; Biological; Columbidae; Conflict (Psychology); Decision Making; Development; Economics; Fostering; Frequencies; Future; Gender; Genetic; Grant; Health; Human; Individual; Laboratories; Measures; Methods; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Play; Prisoner' s Dilemma; Probability; Procedures; Psychological reinforcement; Publishing; Research; Rewards; Self-control as a personality trait; Series; Smoking; Surface; Testing; Time; Ursidae Family; Work; abstracting; addiction; age effect; base; case-by-case basis; cigarette smoking; discount; discounting; human subject; interest; method development; research study; social; social cooperation; theories

Project Summary During the current grant period, using human subjects, my lab has developed and studied social discounting (relating it to both delay and probability discounting). Over the next five years I intend to continue to develop this measure, to incorporate it into a discounting surface including delay and probability discounting, and to study its correlates (with age, gender, cigarette smoking, genetic relatedness, religiosity). Also, during the current grant period, using both human and pigeon subjects, my lab has studied methods to enhance social cooperation in games such as prisoner's dilemma games, public goods games, ultimatum and dictator games. Assuming my social view of addiction is correct (that addicts are failing to cooperate with their future selves) such methods would be directly applicable to addiction. We have found that cooperation in these social games tends to correlate with degree of social discounting - the less cooperation (the more defection) the steeper the social discounting. Over the next grant period we intend to continue these studies focusing on methods to enhance cooperation. Based on the completed and proposed lab work, I will continue to develop the above theory of addiction, self-control, and social cooperation as well as its applications.

项目摘要 在当前赠款期间，使用人类主题，我的实验室有 开发和研究了社会折扣（将其与延迟和概率相关 打折）。在接下来的五年中，我打算继续开发这个 测量，将其纳入折现表面，包括延迟和 概率折现并研究其相关性（随着年龄，性别，香烟 吸烟，遗传相关性，宗教信仰）。 同样，在当前的赠款期间，使用人类和鸽子 受试者，我的实验室研究了增强游戏社会合作的方法 例如囚犯的困境游戏，公共物品游戏，最后通及独裁者 游戏。假设我对成瘾的社会观点是正确的（成瘾者未能 与他们的未来合作）此类方法将直接适用于 瘾。我们发现这些社交游戏中的合作往往 与社会折扣程度相关 - 合作越少（越多 叛逃）社会折扣越陡。在下一个赠款期内我们 打算继续这些研究，重点是增强合作的方法。 根据完成和拟议的实验室工作，我将继续开发 上述成瘾，自我控制和社会合作的理论及其 申请。