Vestibular Influences on Spatial Constancy and Movement Planning

前庭对空间恒定性和运动计划的影响

• 批准号: 7455198
• 负责人: Dora Angelaki
• 金额: $ 49.85万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7455198
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accounting; Agonist; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Cells; Cognitive deficits; Documentation; End Point; Exhibits; Experimental Designs; Eye; Eye Movements; Force of Gravity; Generations; Goals; Hand; Head; Human; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lateral; Location; Macaca mulatta; Memory; Monkeys; Motion; Motor; Movement; Muscimol; Neurons; Numbers; Perception; Physiological; Plug-in; Primates; Principal Investigator; Process; Property; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Research; Retinal; Role; Rotation; Saccades; Semicircular canal structure; Sensorimotor functions; Series; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Space Perception; Structure; System; Testing; Training; Translating; Update; Visual Fields; Visuospatial; Yaws; base; clinically relevant; extrastriate visual cortex; eye center; frontal eye fields; gaze; human study; human subject; interest; lateral intraparietal area; limb movement; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; otoconia; programs; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; retinotopic; two-dimensional; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual feedback; visual motor; visual receptive field

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The spatial orientation functions of the vestibular system, although clinically relevant, have received little attention compared to reflexes. In the proposed experiments, we intend to characterize the vestibular system's involvement in maintaining spatial constancy for movement planning as humans and primates are passively rotated or translated in three-dimensional (3D) space. This process, referred to as 'visuospatial updating' utilizes extra-retinal signals related to the intervening movement in order to change the end-goal of sensorimotor transformations for eye, hand or limb movements. Although vestibular signals have an important role in this process, spatial constancy has been mostly studied with saccadic ocular deviations, whereas little is currently known about the role of other sources of extra-retinal information. Thus, the long-term goal of these studies is to characterize the functional properties and neural basis for subcortical extra-retinal signals on spatial constancy, with a particular focus on vestibularly-driven mechanisms. Here we propose a series of behavioral and neurophysiological aims to characterize the vestibular system's involvement in visuospatial updating during memory-guided eye movements. Specifically, we will quantify the properties of these processes, as they relate to the numerous computational issues encountered when three-dimensional (3D) vestibular information must be combined with a two-dimensional (2D) retinotopic goal for a saccade. To investigate the neural basis of these interactions, we also propose to characterize visuospatial updating and vestibular memory-contingent saccades after reversible inactivation of each 1 of the 3 cortical eye fields, the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), the frontal eye fields (FEF) and the supplementary eye fields (SEF). Finally, we will also start characterizing the neural correlates of this function by testing whether visual receptive fields of LIP neurons shift during an imposed rotational/translational movement, similarly as previously shown for saccadic eye movements. The proposed studies aim at filling an important gap in knowledge and are fundamental in establishing a causal role for the vestibular system in spatial and sensorimotor functions that, although largely uncharacterized, are important for understanding and treating cognitive deficits of spatial perception.

描述（由申请人提供）：与反射相比，前庭系统的空间取向函数尽管在临床上相关，但几乎没有关注。在拟议的实验中，我们打算表征前庭系统参与维持运动计划的空间恒定，因为人类和灵长类动物是在三维（3D）空间中被动旋转或翻译的。此过程称为“视觉空间更新”，利用与中间运动相关的视网膜外信号，以改变眼睛，手或肢体运动的感觉运动转换的最终目标。尽管前庭信号在此过程中具有重要作用，但空间恒定的主要研究大多是通过囊状眼偏差进行的，而目前对其他视网膜外信息来源的作用知之甚少。因此，这些研究的长期目标是表征在空间恒定恒定上的皮层下视网膜外信号的功能特性和神经基础，并特别关注前庭驱动机制。在这里，我们提出了一系列的行为和神经生理学的目的，旨在表征前庭系统在记忆引导的眼球运动过程中参与视觉空间更新。具体而言，我们将量化这些过程的属性，因为它们与三维（3D）前庭信息必须与扫视的二维（2D）视网膜目标相结合时遇到的众多计算问题。为了研究这些相互作用的神经基础，我们还建议表征3个皮质眼场的每一个，侧向侧面区域（LIP），额叶眼场（FEF）和补充眼田（FEF）和补充眼田（sef），表征了视觉空间更新和前庭记忆障碍扫视。最后，我们还将通过测试在施加的旋转/翻译运动过程中唇神经元的视觉接受场是否移动，从而开始表征该功能的神经相关性，这与先前所示的SACCADIC眼动运动相似。拟议的研究旨在填补知识的重要空白，并且对于在空间和感觉运动功能中确立前庭系统的因果作用至关重要，尽管这在很大程度上没有表征，但对于理解和治疗空间感知的认知缺陷而言至关重要。