The Anterior Olfactory Nucleus

前嗅核

• 批准号: 7334158
• 负责人: PETER C BRUNJES
• 金额: $ 28.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-04-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7334158
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anterior; Area; Arts; Biological; Cells; Code; Data; Distant; Fiber; Goals; Human; Learning; Left; Light; Modeling; Molecular; Morphology; Nasal cavity; Neurons; Numbers; Odors; Output; Parkinson Disease; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Process; Prosencephalon; Reporting; Research; Role; Specificity; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Techniques; Tissues; Variant; Work; cell type; clinically relevant; concept; design; information gathering; insight; olfactory bulb; olfactory nuclei; olfactory stimulus; piriform cortex; response; sensory system

Olfactory sensory neurons in the nasal cavity send odor information to the olfactory bulb, the first central relay in this chemosensory system. Mitral and tufted cells in the bulb then transmit the information to the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) and piriform cortex (PC). The AON plays a crucial role in the processingof olfactory stimuli: it provides feedforward information from the bulb to the PC, and is involved in the retrograde flow of information from the cortex to the bulb. Importantly, it also serves as the point of intercommunication between the left and right olfactory bulbs and cortices. As such, it plays a fundamental role in the processing olfactory information. Indeed, it will be impossible to understand the function of the olfactory forebrain without greater insight into the circuitry and function of the AON, The proposed studies focus on a single concept: understanding the organization of the AON. The proposed work will a) uncover the fine-scale morphology of the afferent inputs from the olfactory bulb, b) examine possible olfactory coding strategies in the AON, c) demonstrate the intrinsic organization and connections of the region, and d) elucidate differences in regional output patterns. Each of the studies examines interlocking but independent aspects of the problem. Furthermore, each study uses state-of-the art techniques, correlating refined morphological analyses with broader functional studies. The goal is to begin to understand variations in regional organization and investigate the possibility of the existence of different neuronal phenotypes. The results will make the area accessible for further study from a molecular biological perspective. The information we gather will be important for many reasons, including our ability to understand and model olfactory function. By gathering fundamental data on the number of AON cells each bulb afferent contacts, what synaptic patterns exist within the AON, and whether output pathways diverge or converge, we will begin to understand the larger circuit that comprises the olfactory system. Relevance: a) A more complete understanding of the AON also has clinical relevance as there are indications that pathological changes in the region occur in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, suggesting that changes in the AON may significantly contribute to the well-documented deficits in olfactory function that occurs in aging, b) Sensory systems are crucial for humans to navigate through the world, interact and learn. The present research will shed substantial light on this process.

鼻腔中的嗅觉感觉神经元将气味信息发送给嗅球，这是第一个中央 该化学感应系统中的继电器。灯泡中的二尖瓣和簇状细胞将信息传输到 前嗅觉核（AON）和梨状皮层（PC）。 AON在处理中起着至关重要的作用 嗅觉刺激：它提供从灯泡到PC的前馈信息，并参与逆行 从皮质到灯泡的信息流。重要的是，它也是间断的点 在左右嗅球和皮层之间。因此，它在处理中起着基本作用 嗅觉信息。的确，如果没有，就无法理解嗅觉前脑的功能 更深入地了解AON的电路和功能， 拟议的研究集中于一个概念：了解AON的组织。提议 工作将a）揭示从嗅球的传入输入的细尺度形态，b）检查 AON中可能的嗅觉编码策略，c）展示了内在的组织和联系 该区域以及d）阐明区域输出模式的差异。每项研究都检查 问题的互锁但独立的方面。此外，每个研究都使用最先进的 技术，将精致的形态分析与更广泛的功能研究相关联。目标是开始 了解区域组织的差异并研究存在不同的可能性 神经元表型。结果将使该区域可以从分子生物学中进行进一步研究 看法。由于许多原因，我们收集的信息将很重要，包括我们的能力 了解并建模嗅觉功能。通过收集有关AON单元数量的基本数据 灯泡传入触点，AON中存在哪些突触模式，以及输出途径是否发散或 收敛，我们将开始理解包括嗅觉系统的较大电路。 相关性：a）对AON的更全面了解也具有临床意义 迹象表明该地区的病理变化发生在阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏病中， 表明AON的变化可能会显着导致嗅觉上有据可查的缺陷 在衰老中发生的功能，b）感官系统对于人类在世界上导航至关重要， 互动和学习。本研究将对此过程进行大量阐明。