Adolescent nicotine exposure and subsequent alcohol use

青少年接触尼古丁和随后饮酒

基本信息

批准号：
7325743
负责人：
REX M Philpot
金额：
$ 5.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-12-01 至 2009-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7325743
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Development Adult Age Alcohol consumption Alcohols Animals Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain region Cyclic AMP-Responsive DNA-Binding Protein Development Dose Drug abuse Drug usage Esthesia Ethanol Exhibits Exposure to Fellowship Gene Expression Impulsivity Individual Lead Life Experience Mediating Names Nicotine Nicotine Dependence Novelty-Seeking Behaviors Pharmaceutical Preparations Phenotype Population Predisposition Prefrontal Cortex Process Rattus Relative (related person)Rewards Risk Risk-Taking Self Administration Self-control as a personality trait Signal Transduction Signaling Molecule Site System Testing Thinking Time Ventral Striatum Ventral Tegmental Area Work addiction alcohol effect alcohol response alcohol sensitivity behavior measurement behavior test cellular targeting day drug craving drug of abuse experience high risk behavior human study innovation mature animal postnatal preference research study response transcription factor

项目摘要

Emerging evidence supports the idea that adolescence is a unique developmental period during which time individuals are more likely to experiment with drugs of abuse and are at greater risk for subsequent addiction. There is a strong correlation between the onset of nicotine addiction at an early age and addiction to alcohol as well as a heightened vulnerability to addiction to either ethanol or nicotine when use is initiated during adolescence. When the brain is exposed to drugs of abuse, adaptive changes take place that contribute to the addictive process. Evidence demonstrates that many drugs alter the expression and activity of two major transcription factors, viz., cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and AFosB (a truncated form of FosB) and that these alterations lead to the expression of genes thought to mediate the addictive process. Although studies have suggested that CREB and AFosB may represent a common cellular target for the action of addictive drugs, few studies have focused on the cellular consequences of exposure to nicotine and subsequent vulnerability to alcohol, targeting the two most widely used/abused and coabused compounds in the adolescent population.

新兴证据支持以下观点：青春期是一个独特的发展时期个人更有可能尝试滥用药物，并且有更大的风险瘾。尼古丁成瘾的开始与成瘾之间存在很强的相关性启动使用时，饮酒以及对乙醇或尼古丁成瘾的脆弱性在青春期。当大脑暴露于滥用药物时，会发生自适应变化有助于上瘾的过程。证据表明许多药物改变了表达和活性在两个主要转录因子中，即cAMP响应元件结合蛋白（CREB）和AFOSB（a） FOSB的截断形式），这些改变导致基因表达被认为是介导的上瘾的过程。尽管研究表明CREB和AFOSB可能代表一个常见细胞靶标的成瘾药物的作用，很少有研究集中在细胞的后果上暴露于尼古丁和随后的酒精脆弱性，针对两种最广泛使用/滥用的人，青春期人群中的化合物。