Adolescent nicotine exposure and subsequent alcohol use

青少年接触尼古丁和随后饮酒

• 批准号: 7157792
• 负责人: REX M Philpot
• 金额: $ 4.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7157792
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; biological signal transduction; cAMP response element binding protein; cell communication molecule; child psychology; early experience; gel mobility shift assay; genetic transcription; immunocytochemistry; juvenile animal; laboratory rat; molecular psychobiology; neuropharmacology; neuropsychology; nicotine; nucleus accumbens; phenotype; postdoctoral investigator; prefrontal lobe /cortex; protein kinase A; reinforcer; tegmentum; western blottings

Emerging evidence supports the idea that adolescence is a unique developmental period during which time individuals are more likely to experiment with drugs of abuse and are at greater risk for subsequent addiction. There is a strong correlation between the onset of nicotine addiction at an early age and addiction to alcohol as well as a heightened vulnerability to addiction to either ethanol or nicotine when use is initiated during adolescence. When the brain is exposed to drugs of abuse, adaptive changes take place that contribute to the addictive process. Evidence demonstrates that many drugs alter the expression and activity of two major transcription factors, viz., cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and deltaFosB (a truncated form of FosB) and that these alterations lead to the expression of genes thought to mediate the addictive process. Although studies have suggested that CREB and deltaFosB may represent a common cellular target for the action of addictive drugs, few studies have focused on the cellular consequences of exposure to nicotine and subsequent vulnerability to alcohol, targeting the two most widely used/abused and coabused compounds in the adolescent population.

新兴证据支持以下观点：青春期是一个独特的发展时期 个人更有可能尝试滥用药物，并且有更大的风险 瘾。尼古丁成瘾的开始与成瘾之间存在很强的相关性 启动使用时，饮酒以及对乙醇或尼古丁成瘾的脆弱性 在青春期。当大脑暴露于滥用药物时，会发生自适应变化 有助于上瘾的过程。证据表明许多药物改变了表达和活性 of two major transcription factors, viz., cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and deltaFosB (a FOSB的截断形式），这些改变导致基因表达被认为是介导的 上瘾的过程。尽管研究表明Creb和Deltafosb可能代表一个常见 细胞靶标的成瘾药物的作用，很少有研究集中在细胞的后果上 暴露于尼古丁和随后的酒精脆弱性，针对两种最广泛使用/滥用的人， 青春期人群中的化合物。