Spatial hearing and language learning in toddlers who use cochlear implants

使用人工耳蜗的幼儿的空间听力和语言学习

• 批准号: 7388153
• 负责人: TINA M GRIECO-CALUB
• 金额: $ 2.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-15 至 2008-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7388153
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Age; Age-Years; Auditory; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Child; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear implant procedure; Data; Electric Stimulation; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Implant; Infant; Knowledge; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Learning; Localized; Measures; Methods; Noise; Numbers; Oral; Outcome; Patients; Performance; Procedures; Process; Psychophysiology; Purpose; Research; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Sound Localization; Speech; Standards of Weights and Measures; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toddler; Work; auditory deprivation; base; binaural hearing; cost effectiveness; deafness; design; early childhood; experience; implantation; improved; infancy; insight; novel; older patient; peer; preference; research study; sensory prosthesis; skills; sound; speech recognition; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children who are born deaf gain access to the auditory world through the use of cochlear implants (CIs), which provide electrical stimulation directly to the auditory nerve. Even though most children can perform quite well with a single implant, with better results associated with earlier implantation, there has been a recent clinical trend to provide patients who are deaf with bilateral CIs. Although this practice is becoming widely accepted for older patients, it is still under debate for infants. One reason for this debate is that the benefit of providing bilateral CIs to infants has not been systematically studied. In older children and adults, bilateral CIs have been shown to improve both spatial hearing and speech recognition in noise, consistent with the idea that binaural hearing can improve performance on various listening tasks. These binaural benefits have yet to be shown in infants who are born deaf and use CIs. Thus, there is a need to document the potential benefits of bilateral CIs in very young children, especially at a time when language learning and brain plasticity are greatest. To accomplish this, we will measure two auditory-dependent processes, auditory word learning and spatial hearing, in toddlers (under the age of three years) who use either a single CI or bilateral CIs. A combination of psychophysical and behavioral techniques, which are well-established for use in typically-developing toddlers, will be utilized in this proposal. In the experiments designed to test auditory word learning, word recognition ability in quiet and in the presence of noise will be assessed by using a looking-preference paradigm, and novel word learning will be evaluated using a word-object association task. In the experiments designed to assess spatial hearing, an observer-based method will be used to determine a toddler's minimum audible angle, which is a quantification of sound localization ability. The purpose of these experiments is to document the development of language and spatial hearing in very young CI users as well as to test the hypothesis that children with bilateral CIs will outperform children who use a single CI on these tasks. The knowledge that can be gained from this project is clinically applicable and necessary due to the current debate regarding the cost-effectiveness of providing bilateral CIs (versus one CI). The data generated from this study will provide insight into the development of language and auditory skills in very young children who use CIs, as well as serve to inform decisions about providing unilateral versus bilateral CIs to infants.

描述（由申请人提供）：出生的儿童通过使用访问听觉世界 直接向听觉神经提供电刺激的耳蜗植入物（CIS）。即使大多数儿童都可以通过单个植入物表现良好，但与早期植入相关的结果更好，但 最近有一种临床趋势，可以为患有双侧CI的患者提供。尽管这种做法已被老年患者被广泛接受，但婴儿仍在争论中。这场辩论的原因之一是 尚未系统地研究向婴儿提供双边顺式的好处。在年龄较大的儿童和成人中，双侧CI已被证明可以改善噪音中的空间听力和语音识别， 与双耳听力可以提高各种听力任务的表现的想法一致。这些双耳益处尚未在出生的聋哑和使用独联体的婴儿中显示出来。因此，有必要记录 双边独联体在很小的孩子中的潜在好处，尤其是在语言学习和大脑可塑性最大的时候。为此，我们将衡量两个与听觉有关的过程，听觉词学习 和空间听证会，在使用单个CI或双侧顺式的幼儿（三岁以下）。心理物理和行为技术的结合，这些技术是典型开发的完善的 幼儿将在此提案中使用。在旨在测试听觉单词学习的实验中，将通过使用审查范式来评估安静和噪声中的单词识别能力，并将评估 新颖的单词学习将使用单词对象关联任务进行评估。在旨在评估空间听力的实验中，将使用基于观察者的方法来确定蹒跚学步的最小听觉角度，这是一个 量化声音定位能力。这些实验的目的是记录非常年轻的CI使用者的语言和空间听证的发展，并测试了双边CIS儿童的假设 在这些任务上使用单个CI的孩子会胜过。由于当前有关提供的成本效益的辩论 双侧顺式（相对于一个CI）。这项研究产生的数据将洞悉使用CI的非常年幼的孩子的语言和听觉技能的发展，并为提供有关提供的决定提供了信息 单侧与双侧顺式为婴儿。