Temporal lobe anatomical connectivity

颞叶解剖连接

• 批准号: BB/E002226/1
• 负责人: Geoff Parker
• 金额: $ 50.6万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FE002226%2F1
• 关键词: Temporal; lobe; anatomical; connectivity

Brain function utilises processing networks to perform specific tasks. These networks require axonal connections (the brain's 'wiring') to allow information transfer between cortical and subcortical areas (the regions where information processing occurs). Knowledge of both the processing regions and the 'wiring pattern' is therefore crucial to allow full understanding of brain function. However, the knowledge of anatomical connections within the human brain is surprisingly poor, despite being an area of active research for over a century. An important reason for this uncertainty is that most methods available for establishing anatomical connection information are invasive and therefore impossible to apply in the living human brain. Whilst some dissection methods are suitable for postmortem investigation they are destructive and provide limited opportunity for the study of multiple tracts in a given brain, making them extremely costly in time and resources. An alternative non-invasive approach to identifying anatomical interconnections is via interpreting the effects of the functional and structural damage caused by lesions (such as those caused by multiple sclerosis or stroke). However, systematic connectivity studies are very difficult when relying on clinical lesion data. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides the means for non-invasive systematic analysis of the white matter tracts of the human brain - a process termed tractography. This methodology has been developed over the last half decade to the point where it is being applied to provide new information regarding human brain anatomical connectivity and is therefore helping us establish the brain's 'wiring pattern'. This project will use tractography to establish the patterns of connection within the temporal lobes. The temporal lobes are an important study target as they are involved in much of the information processing capabilities that make the human species unique - for example, they are implicated in the understanding of language. We will study a group of healthy individuals to determine the variability of temporal lobe connections and to assess evidence for dominance of one hemisphere over the other. We will compare these results with established measurements in animal models to define which aspects of temporal lobe connectivity are unique to the human brain. We will make the results available on an online database that will allow the scientific community free access to this new and valuable store of information.

大脑功能利用处理网络执行特定任务。这些网络需要轴突连接（大脑的“接线”），以允许在皮质和皮层下区域（信息处理的区域）之间进行信息传递。因此，对处理区域和“接线模式”的了解对于允许对大脑功能的充分理解至关重要。但是，尽管一个多世纪以来一直是积极研究的领域，但人脑内解剖学联系的知识令人惊讶。这种不确定性的一个重要原因是，大多数用于建立解剖连接信息的方法都是侵入性的，因此无法应用于活着的人脑。尽管某些解剖方法适用于验尸调查，但它们具有破坏性，并为研究给定大脑中的多个区域提供了有限的机会，这使得它们在时间和资源上的成本非常高。鉴定解剖互连的另一种非侵入性方法是通过解释因病变引起的功能和结构损害的影响（例如由多发性硬化症或中风引起的）。但是，在依靠临床病变数据时，系统的连通性研究非常困难。扩散加权磁共振成像（MRI）为对人脑的白质区域的非侵入性系统分析提供了一种手段，这是一种称为拖拉机的过程。在过去的五年中，已开发了这种方法，直到将其应用于提供有关人脑解剖学连通性的新信息，因此有助于我们建立大脑的“接线模式”。该项目将使用拖拉机来建立颞叶中的连接模式。颞叶是重要的研究目标，因为它们参与了使人类独特的许多信息处理能力 - 例如，它们与对语言的理解有关。我们将研究一组健康个体，以确定颞叶连接的变异性，并评估一个半球占主导地位的证据。我们将将这些结果与动物模型中既定的测量结果进行比较，以定义颞叶连接的哪些方面是人脑独有的。我们将在在线数据库上提供结果，该结果将允许科学社区免费访问此新的有价值的信息存储。

项目成果

Diffusion MRI

弥散磁共振成像

• DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396460-1.00020-2
• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Hubbard P

Validation of High-Resolution Tractography Against In Vivo Tracing in the Macaque Visual Cortex.

• DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu326
• 发表时间: 2015-11
• 期刊: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
• 作者: Azadbakht H;Parkes LM;Haroon HA;Augath M;Logothetis NK;de Crespigny A;D'Arceuil HE;Parker GJ
• 通讯作者: Parker GJ

The grey matter correlates of impaired decision-making in multiple sclerosis.

• DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-308169
• 发表时间: 2015-05
• 期刊: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
• 作者: Muhlert N;Sethi V;Cipolotti L;Haroon H;Parker GJ;Yousry T;Wheeler-Kingshott C;Miller D;Ron M;Chard D
• 通讯作者: Chard D