Small items of research equipment at Durham University

杜伦大学的小型研究设备

• 批准号: EP/K031414/1
• 负责人: Jon Gluyas
• 金额: $ 51.24万
• 依托单位: Durham University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK031414%2F1
• 关键词: Small; items; research; equipment; Durham

Water, food and energy are the basic requirements for humankind's existence on planet Earth. As the global population grows there is an ever-increasing demand for these resources and, as nations develop, the demand on energy is magnified. The world has become dependent upon fossil fuels, energy dense materials such as coal, oil and gas. Not only is their continued use unsustainable in the long term but the consequences of their use potentially devastating in terms of climate change and other pollution. Maintaining the status quo is not an option. To address research in the complex fields of energy and sustainability, cross-discipline projects are required that bring together leading specialists in individual technology and application areas. As this is a rapidly growing field, it is a natural space for young, early career researchers to shine, and one way of facilitating these early careers researchers is to bring them together to share new equipment, to enable training in new methods and to grow their research equipment base. We will use the funding provided by this EPSRC small equipment proposal to create a Small Equipment Fund for Energy and Sustainability (SEFES). Research at Durham University, and especially the Durham Energy Institute (DEI), in these areas of national importance delivers sustainable socio-technological solutions including optimum, clean use of non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels, including carbon capture and storage, development of sustainable materials for energy (e.g. solar-cells based upon Earth-abundant minerals), the design of novel oil rich crops, and new algal strains for bioenergy production. In order to rationally rewire biological networks for biomass and oil production, our research develops systems approaches, combining experimental measurements with computational analysis. Harmonising energy supply to demand is also a key area of our research on smart (electricity) grids. Research into maximising the yield of recovered hydrocarbons for energy and chemical feedstocks has grown in both unconventional and conventional hydrocarbon sectors. Unconventional hydrocarbons are oil/gas resources present in matrixes that are challenging to extract from, or may have low yields. As such, these sources have previously been overlooked as too risky, or uneconomic, and include shale oil, heavy oil, shale gas, tight gas etc. Shale gas has resulted in the US meeting domestic use, with potential surplus for export. However, certain of the technologies employed, for example hydraulic fracturing have been controversial, resulting in moratoriums and bans in certain countries. Durham University is presently leading research to establish safe working practices for the sector. The instrumentation accessible following the award of the 'Small Items of Research Equipment' grant will enable Durham University, and the Durham Energy Institute, to accelerate is work in these key areas, delivered by early career researchers, as well as provide the capability to enhance our already keen focus on developing the next generation of researchers through our multi-disciplinary Energy Doctoral Training Centre.

水、食物和能源是人类在地球上生存的基本需求。随着全球人口的增长，对这些资源的需求不断增加，并且随着国家的发展，对能源的需求也不断增加。世界已经变得依赖化石燃料以及煤炭、石油和天然气等能源密集型材料。从长远来看，继续使用它们不仅是不可持续的，而且在气候变化和其他污染方面，使用它们的后果可能是毁灭性的。维持现状不是一个选择。为了解决能源和可持续发展复杂领域的研究，需要跨学科项目，汇集各个技术和应用领域的领先专家。由于这是一个快速发展的领域，因此对于年轻的早期职业研究人员来说，这是一个自然的发光空间，促进这些早期职业研究人员的一种方法是将他们聚集在一起共享新设备，以进行新方法的培训并成长他们的研究设备基地。我们将利用 EPSRC 小型设备提案提供的资金来创建能源和可持续发展小型设备基金 (SEFES)。杜伦大学，特别是杜伦能源研究所 (DEI)，在这些国家重要领域的研究提供了可持续的社会技术解决方案，包括化石燃料等不可再生资源的优化、清洁利用，包括碳捕获和储存、开发可持续能源材料（例如基于地球丰富矿物质的太阳能电池）、新型富含石油作物的设计以及用于生物能源生产的新藻类菌株。为了合理地重新连接生物质和石油生产的生物网络，我们的研究开发了系统方法，将实验测量与计算分析相结合。协调能源供应与需求也是我们智能（电力）电网研究的一个关键领域。在非常规和常规碳氢化合物领域，针对能源和化学原料的回收碳氢化合物产量最大化的研究不断增长。非常规碳氢化合物是存在于基质中的石油/天然气资源，难以提取或产量可能较低。因此，这些来源以前被忽视为风险太大或不经济，包括页岩油、重油、页岩气、致密气等。页岩气已导致美国满足国内使用，并有潜在的盈余用于出口。然而，所采用的某些技术（例如水力压裂）一直存在争议，导致某些国家暂停和禁止。杜伦大学目前正在领导研究，为该行业建立安全的工作实践。获得“小型研究设备”拨款后可获得的仪器将使杜伦大学和杜伦能源研究所能够加速早期职业研究人员在这些关键领域的工作，并提供增强能力我们已经热衷于通过我们的多学科能源博士培训中心培养下一代研究人员。

项目成果

Methylene Blue Adsorption on the Basal Surfaces of Kaolinite: Structure and Thermodynamics from Quantum and Classical Molecular Simulation

高岭石基面的亚甲蓝吸附：量子和经典分子模拟的结构和热力学

• DOI: 10.1346/ccmn.2015.0630303
• 发表时间: 2015-06-01
• 期刊: Clays and Clay Minerals
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: J. Greathouse;Dawn Geatches;D. Pike;H. Greenwell;C. Johnston;J. Wilcox;R. Cygan
• 通讯作者: R. Cygan

Local control of magnetic damping in ferromagnetic/non-magnetic bilayers by interfacial intermixing induced by focused ion-beam irradiation

通过聚焦离子束辐照引起的界面混合来局部控制铁磁/非磁双层中的磁阻尼

• DOI: http://dx.10.1063/1.4883860
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Applied Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: King J

Observation of interference effects via four-photon excitation of highly excited Rydberg states in thermal cesium vapor.

通过热铯蒸气中高激发里德伯态的四光子激发观察干涉效应。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1364/ol.40.005570
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Optics letters
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Kondo JM

Time-domain detection of current controlled magnetization damping in Pt/Ni81Fe19 bilayer and determination of Pt spin Hall angle

Pt/Ni81Fe19双层电流控制磁化阻尼的时域检测及Pt自旋霍尔角的测定

• DOI: http://dx.10.1063/1.4896277
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Applied Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Ganguly A

Monomer Adsorption on Kaolinite: Modeling the Essential Ingredients

高岭石上的单体吸附：模拟基本成分

• DOI: 10.1021/jp306371m
• 发表时间: 2012-10-11
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Chemistry C
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Dawn Geatches;A. Jacquet;S. Clark;H. Greenwell
• 通讯作者: H. Greenwell