Project 5: Nanothecnology-Based Environmental Sensing

项目5：基于纳米技术的环境传感

• 批准号: 7089427
• 负责人: CATHERINE P. KOSHLAND
• 金额: $ 32.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7089427
• 关键词: arsenic; biohazard detection; biotechnology; environmental exposure; environmental toxicology; evaluation /testing; fluidity; heavy metals; mercury; method development; monitoring device; nanotechnology; spectrometry; surface property; technology /technique development

There remains a compelling need for improved ways to detect and quantify toxic and/or hazardous chemical species found at existing or potential Superfund sites. Better analytical techniques could reduce the cost of monitoring, help improve remediation methods, and more accurately assess the health risks associated with hazardous and toxic species. We have developed methods to produce novel nanoparticles, arrays, and structures that could be used for chemical analysis, and propose here several approaches that combine evolving methods with the characterization and monitoring needs of Superfund. They are linked by their use of small scale properties to develop new methods that should be faster, easier, smaller, and/or less expensive. The technologies on which we will focus could ultimately lead to a number of nanometer-based devices which are portable and robust, and which can be employed at commercial facilities or in-the-field for environmental monitoring. Our specific aims are to : 1. Develop low-cost sensors and sensor arrays for measuring chemical species such as arsenic and mercury using nanoparticle properties that can be probed optically and electronically. 2. Develop methods to identify biomolecules (specific antibodies/antigens used in bioremediation) by probing their unique local electronic structure using electron tunneling. 3. Investigate the use of new manufactured nanostructured materials for molecular detection, including structures such as carbon nanotubes and coated nanoparticles. The aims are divided into four tasks: Gas Phase Detection of Heavy Metals Using Nanoparticle Complexes with Laser Fragmentation Spectroscopy, Mercury Detection with Gold Nanoparticles, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Arsenic Species, and the Detection of Bioremediation Organisms using Electronic Cell Typing. This project will investigate using the different and sometimes unique behavior of materials as their size shrink below 100 nm to develop new methods to detect chemical and biological species found at existing or potential Superfund sites. New sensors could reduce the cost of monitoring, help improve remediation methods, and more accurately assess the health risks associated with hazardous and toxic species.

仍然迫切需要 改进的方法来检测和量化现有或现有的有毒和/或危险化学物质 潜在的超级基金地点。更好的分析技术可以降低监测成本，有助于改进 补救方法，更准确地评估与危险和有毒相关的健康风险 物种。我们已经开发出生产新型纳米颗粒、阵列和结构的方法，这些纳米颗粒、阵列和结构可以 用于化学分析，并在此提出几种将不断发展的方法与 超级基金的特征描述和监测需求。它们通过使用小规模属性而联系在一起 开发更快、更容易、更小和/或更便宜的新方法。有关技术 我们将重点关注的最终可能会导致许多基于纳米的设备，这些设备是便携式的 坚固耐用，可用于商业设施或现场环境监测。我们的 具体目标是： 1. 开发低成本传感器和传感器阵列，用于测量化学物质，例如 利用可以通过光学和电子方式探测的纳米颗粒特性来检测砷和汞。 2. 开发通过探测来识别生物分子（生物修复中使用的特定抗体/抗原）的方法 他们利用电子隧道的独特局部电子结构。 3. 调查新产品的使用情况 用于分子检测的纳米结构材料，包括碳纳米管和 涂层纳米颗粒。目标分为四项任务： 使用气相法检测重金属 纳米粒子复合物与激光碎裂光谱、金汞检测 纳米颗粒、砷形态的表面增强拉曼光谱检测以及砷的检测 使用电子细胞分型的生物修复生物。 该项目将研究使用材料的不同且有时是独特的行为作为其尺寸 缩小到 100 nm 以下，以开发新方法来检测现有或现有的化学和生物物种 潜在的超级基金地点。新传感器可以降低监控成本，有助于改善补救措施 方法，并更准确地评估与危险和有毒物种相关的健康风险。