Synaptic processing in the basal ganglia

基底神经节的突触处理

基本信息

批准号：
7616981
负责人：
DAVID J PERKEL
金额：
$ 39.28万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-07-01 至 2009-04-14
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7616981
关键词：
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione Address Adolescent Adult Affect Aggressive behavior Agonist Anterior Area Auditory Autistic Disorder Automobile Driving Axon Basal Ganglia Behavior Bicuculline Biological Models Birds Brain Brain region Cells Chromosome Pairing Cognitive Complex Computer information processing Courtship Dependence Disease Dopamine Dopamine D1 Receptor Dopamine D2 Receptor Dopamine Receptor Enkephalin Receptors Enkephalins Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists Fathers Figs - dietary Fire - disasters Foundations Globus Pallidus Goals Human Huntington Disease In Situ Hybridization In Vitro Inhibitory Synapse Interdisciplinary Study Label Learning Light Mammals Measures Mediating Memory Messenger RNA Modeling Molecular Motivation Neural Pathways Neurons Neuropeptides Output Parkinson Disease Pathway interactions Play Population Presynaptic Terminals Process Production Prosencephalon Research Role Scanning Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Slice Social Behavior Songbirds Speech Structure Substance P Synapses Synaptic plasticity Testing Thalamic Nuclei Ventral Tegmental Area Vertebrates Whole-Cell Recordings Work abstracting auditory feedback autism spectrum disorder cognitive function dopamine system in vivo insight interest kainate male motor control motor learning neuronal cell body novel patch clamp postsynaptic receptor research study response vocal learning zebra finch

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Vocal learning in songbirds is a unique, experimentally accessible model of human vocal learning that also exemplifies the acquisition of complex social behavior. A male songbird learns his courtship song by first memorizing his father's song, and later using auditory feedback to match his own song to his memory of his father's song. One major advantage to this model system is the existence of separate forebrain circuits involved in producing the song and in learning it. The pathway needed for learning song involves the basal ganglia, a set of brain regions known in mammals to be important for motor control, motor learning and a variety of cognitive functions. Because of the relatively simple circuitry for song learning, we hypothesize that understanding vocal learning in songbirds will provide general insights into learning mechanisms in mammals, including humans. Specifically, we propose to explore cellular mechanisms underlying information transfer and processing through the learning circuit. The experiments proposed here will use electrophysiological and neuroanatomical approaches to understand, the structural, functional and molecular components of the wiring of this pathway. We will: (1) determine the cellular specializations underlying an unusually powerful inhibitory synapse in the learning circuit; (2) test whether that ¿inhibitory¿ synapse can drive activity in postsynaptic neurons in vivo; (3) determine the dopamine receptors and neuropeptides in key neurons in one basal ganglia structure essential for learning; (4) test for functional connections in a novel anatomically characterized pathway that could provide song-related information to neurons of the dopamine system; and (5) measure when dopamine is released in the learning circuit, as a first test of whether dopamine may play a role in song learning. These experiments will provide necessary fundamental information about how the avian learning circuit accomplishes its normal function. Because of the strong foundation that we and others have built comparing avian song learning circuits with basal ganglia circuits in mammals, the results will yield insights more broadly into how basal ganglia circuits can contribute to learning of complex behavior. They will lay the foundation for higher-level experiments aimed at manipulating information processing in the learning circuit to alter learning in a predictable fashion. Although this work is focused on the basic mechanisms underlying cognitive function, because a variety of disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson disease and Huntington disease involve the basal ganglia, this research also has the potential to have longterm impact on those disorders.

项目摘要/摘要鸣禽中的声带学习是一种独特的，实验可访问的人声学习模型体现了复杂的社会行为的获取。一只雄性鸣禽首先学习了他的求爱歌曲记住他父亲的歌，后来用听觉反馈将自己的歌与他的纪念相匹配父亲的歌。该模型系统的主要优点是存在单独的前脑电路参与制作歌曲并学习。学习歌曲所需的途径涉及基本神经节是哺乳动物中已知的一组大脑区域，这对于运动控制，运动学习和A 多种认知功能。由于歌曲学习的相对简单电路，我们假设了解鸣禽中的声带学习将提供有关哺乳动物学习机制的一般见解，包括人类。具体而言，我们建议探索信息传输的基础机制，并通过学习电路处理。此处提出的实验将使用电生理学和神经解剖学方法可以理解接线的结构，功能和分子成分这条路。我们将：（1）确定异常强大抑制的基础细胞专业学习电路中的突触；（2）测试抑制性突触是否可以驱动突触后的活动体内神经元；（3）确定一个基本神经节中关键神经元中的多巴胺受体和神经肽学习的结构；（4）在新型解剖学表征中的功能连接测试可以为多巴胺系统神经元提供与歌曲相关的信息的途径；（5）测量当多巴胺在学习巡回赛中释放时，作为多巴胺是否可能在歌曲中起作用的首次测试学习。这些实验将提供有关禽类学习方式的必要基本信息电路实现其正常功能。因为我们和其他人建立了坚实的基础将禽歌学习电路与哺乳动物中的基本神经节电路进行比较，结果将产生见解更广泛地了解基底神经节电路如何有助于学习复杂行为。他们将放置旨在操纵学习电路中信息处理的高级实验基金会以可预测的方式改变学习。尽管这项工作集中在基本机制上认知功能，因为自闭症谱系障碍，精神分裂症，帕金森氏症等多种疾病疾病和亨廷顿疾病涉及基底神经节，这项研究也有可能长期对这些疾病的影响。