Effects of Emotion on Neural Encoding of Sound

情绪对声音神经编码的影响

• 批准号: 7408908
• 负责人: Jade Q Wang
• 金额: $ 3.43万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7408908
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Affective; Anxiety Disorders; Auditory; Auditory Brainstem Responses; Auditory system; Bilateral; Brain Stem; Brain region; Cereals; Characteristics; Comorbidity; Comprehension; Condition; Cues; Data; Databases; Depth; Dimensions; Disease; Electrodes; Elements; Emotional; Emotions; Exhibits; Face; Facial Expression; Fourier Analysis; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Growth; Health; Heart Rate; Hour; Hydrocortisone; Image; Individual; International; Jaw; Language Development; Lateral; Learning; Left; Length; Limbic System; Linguistics; Lip structure; Lung; Mainstreaming; Measures; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Molds; Monitor; Music; Nature; Noise; Oral cavity; Pathway interactions; Perception; Physiological; Primates; Process; Production; Rate; Reading Disabilities; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Resolution; Rodent; Role; Sensory Process; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Skin; Source; Speech; Staging; Statistically Significant; Stimulus; Stream; System; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Time; Tongue; Visual system structure; Voice; auditory pathway; auditory stimulus; depressive symptoms; emotional stimulus; experience; interest; neurophysiology; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; response; sound; vibration; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus; vocal cord

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Traditional views of the brainstem have assumed a static and passive role in relaying the auditory signal to higher regions of the brain, but recent evidence indicates a far more dynamic and malleable system than previously thought. In the visual system, there is a plethora of evidence pointing to parallel pathways in the recognition of faces, a high-resolution system in the cortex that processes fine-grained data, and a fast, evolutionary ancient pathway to the limbic system that relays spatially coarse but highly biologically relevant information like facial expression. Anatomically, there is known to be direct and widespread connections between the auditory brainstem and the limbic system as well, and these have been characterized, anatomically, in rodents and primates. However, these connections have not been functionally characterized. The focus of our research is to understand how the neural representation of sounds is affected by emotional stimuli, such as emotion-evoking images, at the earliest stages of the auditory processing stream and to define the growth and transformation of this interaction throughout the auditory pathway. We are interested in determining how a listener's emotional state, induced by emotion-evoking visual stimuli, influences the listener's physiological response to speech. To do this, physiological responses to auditory speech are measured after inducing three emotional states (including a "neutral" state) in the listener with the use of images from a standardized database of emotional visual stimuli. Far-field and near-field recordings (brainstem and cortical responses, respectively) will assess the relative contributions of subcortical and cortical processes to the interaction of the two input modes and illuminate timing of the interactions. Our preliminary data show statistically significant differences between emotional conditions. We currently know that the brainstem is far more malleable than previously thought, which gives promise to the potential effects of therapies for disorders as well as the potential to enhance the learning of language and music, but there are other aspects to this malleability as well. It is known that anxiety disorders have a high comorbidity with depression, and that emotional health is hugely interactive with general mental health. If the brainstem is malleable on the time-scale of hours, it is reasonable to believe that anxiety disorders not only influence one's emotional health, it can also adversely affect sensory processing at a very basic level.

描述（由申请人提供）：脑干的传统观点在将听觉信号传递给大脑的较高区域方面具有静态和被动的作用，但是最近的证据表明，与以前想象的相比，动态性和可延展性更大。在视觉系统中，有很多证据表明面部识别中的平行途径，皮质中的高分辨率系统处理细粒度的数据，以及一种在空间中传递的快速，进化的古代途径粗糙但高度相关的信息，例如面部表达。从解剖学上讲，众所周知，听觉脑干和边缘系统之间也存在直接和广泛的联系，并且这些连接在啮齿动物和灵长类动物中是解剖学上的特征。但是，这些连接尚未在功能上表征。我们研究的重点是了解声音的神经表现如何受到情感刺激的影响，例如情绪引起的图像，在听觉处理流的最早阶段，并定义整个听觉途径中这种相互作用的增长和转变。我们有兴趣确定听众的情绪状态是如何通过情绪引起的视觉刺激引起的，从而影响听众对语音的生理反应。为此，通过使用来自标准化的情绪视觉刺激数据库的图像，在听众中诱导三个情绪状态（包括“中性”状态）后，对听觉语音的生理反应进行了衡量。远场和近场记录（分别是脑干和皮质反应）将评估皮层和皮质过程对两种输入模式相互作用的相对贡献以及相互作用的相互作用。我们的初步数据显示了情绪状况之间统计学上的显着差异。我们目前知道，脑干比以前想象的要具有更大的延展性，这有望对疾病的疗法的潜在影响以及增强语言和音乐学习的潜力，但是这种延展性也有其他方面。众所周知，焦虑症与抑郁症的合并症很高，并且情绪健康与一般心理健康的互动息息相关。如果脑干在小时的时间尺度上具有延展性，那么认为焦虑症不仅会影响一个人的情绪健康，而且还会在非常基本的水平上对感官处理产生不利影响。