Behavioral Technologies for Predicting HIV Risk

预测艾滋病毒风险的行为技术

• 批准号: 7285486
• 负责人: Carl W Lejuez
• 金额: $ 6.47万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7285486
• 关键词: AIDS; AIDS education /prevention; HIV infections; adolescence (12-20); attention deficit disorder; behavior prediction; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; conduct disorder; contraceptives; data collection methodology /evaluation; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug abuse; gender difference; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; longitudinal human study; method development; nondrug contraceptive; oppositional defiant disorder; peer group; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; sex behavior; socioeconomics; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The problem of HIV infection in adolescence continues to grow despite public health efforts to reduce risk behaviors related to the acquisition and transmission of the virus. Developmental characteristics make HIV infection and transmission a concern for all adolescents, but there are subgroups of youths, especially in more urban settings, who are at relatively greater risk because of elevated levels of HFV-relevant risk behaviors. Large scale information-based programs often have led to greater awareness of HIV risks, but have had relatively limited success in preventing or reducing future engagement in HIV-risk taking behaviors. Individualized, contingency based interventions focused on skills training have shown promise, yet feasibility is limited by the high costs of such endeavors. These costs theoretically could be reduced with the identification of individuals most vulnerable to engaging in HIV-risk taking behaviors. To aid in such identification, we have developed an easy-to-use, adolescent appropriate, behavioral assessment tool to index risky behavior termed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Previous research with young adults and middle adolescents has shown that riskiness on the task is related to current engagement in HIV risk-taking behaviors (e.g., unprotected sexual intercourse) as well as other risk-taking behaviors (e.g., smoking, delinquent behavior). In the next step in this research, we aim to determine if riskiness on the BART in younger adolescents can be used to predict future engagement in HIV risk-taking behaviors. Specifically, we propose to follow 240 11-12 year olds over a 5-year period including an initial assessment with 3 follow-up assessments occurring at 1 year intervals). We expect that the behavioral index of "riskiness" on the baseline administration of the BART will predict: the emergence of HIV risk behaviors at follow-up assessments above and beyond that provided with a battery of more traditional selfreport measures assessing demographics (e.g., SES, gender, race), self-report measures of relevant individual difference variables (e.g., impulsivity, sensation seeking), cognitive processes (e.g., risk perception, HIV knowledge), environmental factors (e.g., life events, parental monitoring, peer influence), as well as developmental precursors to risk taking behavior (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity, oppositional/defiant, and conduct disorder symptom severity. As a secondary question, we are interested in the extent to which riskiness on the BART and the measures within the self-report battery are stable across follow-up administrations, including the relationship of these changes to changes in real-world risk-taking behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管公共卫生努力减少与病毒的获取和传播相关的风险行为，但青春期艾滋病毒感染的问题仍在增长。发育特征使艾滋病毒感染和传播成为所有青少年的关注，但是有一些亚组，尤其是在更多的城市环境中，由于HFV相关的风险行为水平升高，他们的风险相对较大。大规模的基于信息的计划通常会提高人们对艾滋病毒风险的认识，但在防止或减少未来参与艾滋病毒风险的行为方面取得了相对有限的成功。集中于技能培训的个性化的，基于应急的干预措施已显示出希望，但可行性受到此类努力的高昂成本的限制。从理论上讲，这些成本可以通过确定最容易从事艾滋病毒风险采取行为的人来降低。为了帮助进行这种识别，我们开发了一种易于使用，适合青少年的行为评估工具，以索引风险行为，称为气球模拟风险任务（BART）。以前与年轻人和中年青少年的研究表明，该任务的风险与当前参与艾滋病毒冒险行为（例如，不受保护的性交）以及其他冒险行为（例如，吸烟，犯罪行为）有关。在这项研究的下一步中，我们旨在确定年轻青少年中巴特的风险是否可以用于预测未来参与艾滋病毒冒险行为的参与。具体而言，我们建议在5年内跟随240个11-12岁的孩子，包括初步评估，并以1年的间隔进行3次随访评估）。 We expect that the behavioral index of "riskiness" on the baseline administration of the BART will predict: the emergence of HIV risk behaviors at follow-up assessments above and beyond that provided with a battery of more traditional selfreport measures assessing demographics (e.g., SES, gender, race), self-report measures of relevant individual difference variables (e.g., impulsivity, sensation seeking), cognitive processes (e.g., risk perception,艾滋病毒知识），环境因素（例如，生活事件，父母监测，同伴影响）以及风险冒险行为的发展前体（例如，注意力缺陷/多动症，对立/反抗和行为障碍症状严重性。现实世界中的冒险行为。