Behavioral Measurement of Negative Reinforcement in Adolescent Alcohol Use/Abuse

青少年酒精使用/滥用的负强化行为测量

基本信息

批准号：
7804571
负责人：
Carl W Lejuez
金额：
$ 19.28万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-04-10 至 2012-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7804571
关键词：
21 year old Accounting Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Age Aged, 80 and over Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Arousal Aversive Stimulus Behavior assessment Behavioral Cause of Death Cessation of life Clinical Communities Complex Cross-Sectional Studies Data Derivation procedure Development Dimensions Disinhibition Emotions Etiology Factor Analysis Feeling Frequencies Future Goals Impairment Incidence Injury Laboratories Lead Maintenance Measures Mental Health Modeling National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Negative Reinforcements Occupational Outcome Patient Self-Report Personality Positive Reinforcements Prevalence Prevention Process Psychometrics Public Health Pump Relative (related person)Reporting Research Personnel Rewards Risk Risk Assessment Risk Behaviors Risk-Taking Role Sampling Self Medication Signal Transduction Stress and Coping Testing Validation Wood material Work Youth addiction adolescent alcohol initiation alcohol misuse alcohol related problem alcohol use initiation analog base behavior measurement coping drinking experience high risk sexual behavior in vivo indexing insight instrument physical conditioning public health relevance response social theories tool underage drinking

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The problem of alcohol misuse in adolescence continues to grow despite large-scale public health efforts to reduce both its incidence and prevalence. To enhance prevention efforts, theorists have attempted to understand factors that contribute to the etiology and maintenance of alcohol misuse. There exist several models to understand the personality factors that lead adolescents to alcohol initiation and subsequent misuse. Predominantly, these models focus on some aspect of positive reinforcement, that is, how risk taking is influenced by the novelty, excitement and/or arousal associated with alcohol use. Behavioral measures have been developed to capture snap shots of reward seeking in a less transparent and potentially more accurate way than relevant self-report measures. Despite promising results, these tasks tap only positive reinforcement/reward seeking processes and do not address adolescents' use of alcohol in response to aversive stimuli, including coping with negative feelings or experiences. The importance of the latter is underscored in the negative reinforcement theory of addiction (as well as other related theories such as self- medication and stress-coping). Because tasks like the BART assess riskiness aimed at acquiring some positive effect, they provide no information about riskiness that may underlie alcohol misuse as maintained by negative reinforcement. There are currently no available behavioral instruments that assess negative reinforcement processes underlying riskiness. We propose to develop and validate a negative reinforcement- based task, based on a positive reinforcement-based task we have developed referred to the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), to increase the comprehensiveness and explanatory power of laboratory risk assessment measures in relation to alcohol and alcohol-related risk behaviors in youth. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of the current application is to develop and validate an assessment tool that focuses on adolescent alcohol use to avoid and/or ameliorate negative emotions and experiences, a process referred to as negative reinforcement. If successful, this task will help understand the role of negative reinforcement processes underlying alcohol use and problems, and may be useful for the development of prevention efforts targeting this vulnerability.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管大规模的公共卫生努力降低其发病率和患病率，但青春期滥用酒精的问题仍在增长。为了加强预防努力，理论家试图理解有助于滥用酒精的病因和维持的因素。存在几种模型，以了解导致青少年饮酒和随后滥用的人格因素。这些模型主要集中在积极加强的某些方面，即风险采取的方式受到与酒精使用相关的新颖性，兴奋和/或唤醒的影响。已经制定了行为措施，以捕获比相关的自我报告措施以透明和可能更准确的方式捕获奖励寻求奖励的快照。尽管有希望的结果，这些任务仅利用积极的加强/奖励寻求过程，而不会解决青少年对厌恶刺激的使用，包括应对负面的感觉或经历。后者的重要性在成瘾的负面加强理论（以及其他相关理论，例如自我药物和压力促进）中得到了强调。由于诸如BART之类的任务评估旨在获得一些积极影响的风险，因此他们没有提供有关危险性的信息，这些信息可能是滥用酗酒的基础，而负面强化则保持了滥用。当前没有可用的行为工具可以评估风险风险的负面强化过程。我们建议开发和验证基于负面强化的任务，基于我们开发的基于积极的基于强化的任务，提到了气球模拟风险任务（BART），以提高实验室风险评估措施与酒精和酒精相关的年轻人风险行为的全面性和解释能力。公共卫生相关性：当前应用的目的是开发和验证一种评估工具，该工具专注于青少年酒精的使用，以避免和/或改善负面情绪和经验，这一过程称为负面增强。如果成功，此任务将有助于了解酒精使用和问题的负面强化过程的作用，并且可能对针对这种脆弱性的预防努力有用。